Measurement of proton and nitrogen polarization in ammonia and a test of equal spin temperature the Spin Muon Collaboration

B. Adeva; E. Arik; A. Arvidson; B. Badelek; G. Baum; P. Berglund; L. Betev; N. de Botton; F. Bradamante; C. Bradtke; A. Bravar; S. Bültmann; D. Crabb; J. Cranshaw; T. Çuhadar; S. Dalla Torre; R. van Dantzig; B. Derro; A. Deshpande; S. Dhawan; C. Dulya; H. Dutz; S. Eichblatt; D. Fasching; F. Feinstein; C. Fernandez; S. Forthmann; B. Frois; A. Gallas; J. A. Garzon; R. Gehring; H. Gilly; M. Giorgi; S. Goertz; G. Gracia; N. de Groot; M. Grosse Perdekamp; K. Haft; J. Harmsen; D. von Harrach; T. Hasegawa; P. Hautle; N. Hayashi; C. A. Heusch; N. Horikawa; V. W. Hughes; G. Igo; S. Ishimoto; T. Iwata; E. M. Kabuß; T. Kageya; A. Karev; T. J. Ketel; J. Kiryluk; Y. Kisselev; E. Kok; D. Krämer; W. Kröger; K. Kurek; J. Kyynäräinen; M. Lamanna; U. Landgraf; J. M. Le Goff; F. Lehar; A. de Lesquen; J. Lichtenstadt; M. Litmaath; A. Magnon; G. K. Mallot; A. Martin; T. Matsuda; B. Mayes; J. S. McCarthy; K. Medved; W. Meyer; G. van Middelkoop; D. Miller; Y. Miyachi; K. Mori; J. Nassalski; T. O. Niinikoski; J. E.J. Oberski; A. Ogawa; D. P. Parks; H. Pereira da Costa; F. Perrot-Kunne; D. Peshekhonov; L. Pinsky; S. Platchkov; M. Plo; M. Plückthun; J. Polec; D. Pose; H. Postma; J. Pretz; R. Puntaferro; G. Rädel; G. Reicherz; A. Rijllart; M. Rodriguez

doi:10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00916-4

Measurement of proton and nitrogen polarization in ammonia and a test of equal spin temperature the Spin Muon Collaboration

B. Adeva, E. Arik, A. Arvidson, B. Badelek, G. Baum, P. Berglund, L. Betev, N. de Botton, F. Bradamante, C. Bradtke, A. Bravar, S. Bültmann, D. Crabb, J. Cranshaw, T. Çuhadar, S. Dalla Torre, R. van Dantzig, B. Derro, A. Deshpande, S. DhawanC. Dulya, H. Dutz, S. Eichblatt, D. Fasching, F. Feinstein, C. Fernandez, S. Forthmann, B. Frois, A. Gallas, J. A. Garzon, R. Gehring, H. Gilly, M. Giorgi, S. Goertz, G. Gracia, N. de Groot, M. Grosse Perdekamp, K. Haft, J. Harmsen, D. von Harrach, T. Hasegawa, P. Hautle, N. Hayashi, C. A. Heusch, N. Horikawa, V. W. Hughes, G. Igo, S. Ishimoto, T. Iwata, E. M. Kabuß, T. Kageya, A. Karev, T. J. Ketel, J. Kiryluk, Y. Kisselev, E. Kok, D. Krämer, W. Kröger, K. Kurek, J. Kyynäräinen (Corresponding Author), M. Lamanna, U. Landgraf, J. M. Le Goff, F. Lehar, A. de Lesquen, J. Lichtenstadt, M. Litmaath, A. Magnon, G. K. Mallot, A. Martin, T. Matsuda, B. Mayes, J. S. McCarthy, K. Medved, W. Meyer, G. van Middelkoop, D. Miller, Y. Miyachi, K. Mori, J. Nassalski, T. O. Niinikoski, J. E.J. Oberski, A. Ogawa, D. P. Parks, H. Pereira da Costa, F. Perrot-Kunne, D. Peshekhonov, L. Pinsky, S. Platchkov, M. Plo, M. Plückthun, J. Polec, D. Pose, H. Postma, J. Pretz, R. Puntaferro, G. Rädel, G. Reicherz, A. Rijllart, M. Rodriguez

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Abstract

The 1996 data taking of the SMC experiment used polarized protons to measure the spin-dependent structure function g1 of the proton. Three liters of solid granular ammonia were irradiated at the Bonn electron linac in order to create the paramagnetic radicals which are needed for polarizing the protons. Proton polarizations of ± (90 ± 2.5)% were routinely reached. An analysis based on a theoretical line shape for spin-1 systems with large quadrupolar broadening was developed which allowed the nitrogen polarization in the ammonia to be determined with a 10% relative error. The measured quadrupolar coupling constant of 14N agrees well with earlier extrapolated values. The polarization of the nitrogen nuclei was measured as a function of the proton polarization in order to provide a test of the equal spin temperature (EST) hypothesis. It was found to be closely valid under the dynamic nuclear polarization conditions with which the protons are polarized. Large deviations from EST could be induced by cross relaxing the proton and nitrogen spin systems at low fields. Nitrogen polarizations up to 40% were reached by these means. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	60-82
Number of pages	23
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	419
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00916-4
Publication status	Published - 11 Dec 1998
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

Dynamic nuclear polarization
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Quadrupolar interactions

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10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00916-4

Cite this

Adeva, B., Arik, E., Arvidson, A., Badelek, B., Baum, G., Berglund, P., Betev, L., de Botton, N., Bradamante, F., Bradtke, C., Bravar, A., Bültmann, S., Crabb, D., Cranshaw, J., Çuhadar, T., Dalla Torre, S., van Dantzig, R., Derro, B., Deshpande, A., ... Rodriguez, M. (1998). Measurement of proton and nitrogen polarization in ammonia and a test of equal spin temperature the Spin Muon Collaboration. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 419(1), 60-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00916-4

@article{3250afd50afe402d828ebc3ba343032f,

title = "Measurement of proton and nitrogen polarization in ammonia and a test of equal spin temperature the Spin Muon Collaboration",

abstract = "The 1996 data taking of the SMC experiment used polarized protons to measure the spin-dependent structure function g1 of the proton. Three liters of solid granular ammonia were irradiated at the Bonn electron linac in order to create the paramagnetic radicals which are needed for polarizing the protons. Proton polarizations of ± (90 ± 2.5)% were routinely reached. An analysis based on a theoretical line shape for spin-1 systems with large quadrupolar broadening was developed which allowed the nitrogen polarization in the ammonia to be determined with a 10% relative error. The measured quadrupolar coupling constant of 14N agrees well with earlier extrapolated values. The polarization of the nitrogen nuclei was measured as a function of the proton polarization in order to provide a test of the equal spin temperature (EST) hypothesis. It was found to be closely valid under the dynamic nuclear polarization conditions with which the protons are polarized. Large deviations from EST could be induced by cross relaxing the proton and nitrogen spin systems at low fields. Nitrogen polarizations up to 40% were reached by these means. {\textcopyright} 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.",

keywords = "Dynamic nuclear polarization, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Quadrupolar interactions",

author = "B. Adeva and E. Arik and A. Arvidson and B. Badelek and G. Baum and P. Berglund and L. Betev and {de Botton}, N. and F. Bradamante and C. Bradtke and A. Bravar and S. B{\"u}ltmann and D. Crabb and J. Cranshaw and T. {\c C}uhadar and {Dalla Torre}, S. and {van Dantzig}, R. and B. Derro and A. Deshpande and S. Dhawan and C. Dulya and H. Dutz and S. Eichblatt and D. Fasching and F. Feinstein and C. Fernandez and S. Forthmann and B. Frois and A. Gallas and Garzon, {J. A.} and R. Gehring and H. Gilly and M. Giorgi and S. Goertz and G. Gracia and {de Groot}, N. and {Grosse Perdekamp}, M. and K. Haft and J. Harmsen and {von Harrach}, D. and T. Hasegawa and P. Hautle and N. Hayashi and Heusch, {C. A.} and N. Horikawa and Hughes, {V. W.} and G. Igo and S. Ishimoto and T. Iwata and Kabu{\ss}, {E. M.} and T. Kageya and A. Karev and Ketel, {T. J.} and J. Kiryluk and Y. Kisselev and E. Kok and D. Kr{\"a}mer and W. Kr{\"o}ger and K. Kurek and J. Kyyn{\"a}r{\"a}inen and M. Lamanna and U. Landgraf and {Le Goff}, {J. M.} and F. Lehar and {de Lesquen}, A. and J. Lichtenstadt and M. Litmaath and A. Magnon and Mallot, {G. K.} and A. Martin and T. Matsuda and B. Mayes and McCarthy, {J. S.} and K. Medved and W. Meyer and {van Middelkoop}, G. and D. Miller and Y. Miyachi and K. Mori and J. Nassalski and Niinikoski, {T. O.} and Oberski, {J. E.J.} and A. Ogawa and Parks, {D. P.} and {Pereira da Costa}, H. and F. Perrot-Kunne and D. Peshekhonov and L. Pinsky and S. Platchkov and M. Plo and M. Pl{\"u}ckthun and J. Polec and D. Pose and H. Postma and J. Pretz and R. Puntaferro and G. R{\"a}del and G. Reicherz and A. Rijllart and M. Rodriguez",

year = "1998",

month = dec,

day = "11",

doi = "10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00916-4",

language = "English",

volume = "419",

pages = "60--82",

journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",

issn = "0168-9002",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "1",

}

Adeva, B, Arik, E, Arvidson, A, Badelek, B, Baum, G, Berglund, P, Betev, L, de Botton, N, Bradamante, F, Bradtke, C, Bravar, A, Bültmann, S, Crabb, D, Cranshaw, J, Çuhadar, T, Dalla Torre, S, van Dantzig, R, Derro, B, Deshpande, A, Dhawan, S, Dulya, C, Dutz, H, Eichblatt, S, Fasching, D, Feinstein, F, Fernandez, C, Forthmann, S, Frois, B, Gallas, A, Garzon, JA, Gehring, R, Gilly, H, Giorgi, M, Goertz, S, Gracia, G, de Groot, N, Grosse Perdekamp, M, Haft, K, Harmsen, J, von Harrach, D, Hasegawa, T, Hautle, P, Hayashi, N, Heusch, CA, Horikawa, N, Hughes, VW, Igo, G, Ishimoto, S, Iwata, T, Kabuß, EM, Kageya, T, Karev, A, Ketel, TJ, Kiryluk, J, Kisselev, Y, Kok, E, Krämer, D, Kröger, W, Kurek, K, Kyynäräinen, J, Lamanna, M, Landgraf, U, Le Goff, JM, Lehar, F, de Lesquen, A, Lichtenstadt, J, Litmaath, M, Magnon, A, Mallot, GK, Martin, A, Matsuda, T, Mayes, B, McCarthy, JS, Medved, K, Meyer, W, van Middelkoop, G, Miller, D, Miyachi, Y, Mori, K, Nassalski, J, Niinikoski, TO, Oberski, JEJ, Ogawa, A, Parks, DP, Pereira da Costa, H, Perrot-Kunne, F, Peshekhonov, D, Pinsky, L, Platchkov, S, Plo, M, Plückthun, M, Polec, J, Pose, D, Postma, H, Pretz, J, Puntaferro, R, Rädel, G, Reicherz, G, Rijllart, A & Rodriguez, M 1998, 'Measurement of proton and nitrogen polarization in ammonia and a test of equal spin temperature the Spin Muon Collaboration', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 419, no. 1, pp. 60-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00916-4

Measurement of proton and nitrogen polarization in ammonia and a test of equal spin temperature the Spin Muon Collaboration. / Adeva, B.; Arik, E.; Arvidson, A. et al.
In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 419, No. 1, 11.12.1998, p. 60-82.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Measurement of proton and nitrogen polarization in ammonia and a test of equal spin temperature the Spin Muon Collaboration

AU - Adeva, B.

AU - Arik, E.

AU - Arvidson, A.

AU - Badelek, B.

AU - Baum, G.

AU - Berglund, P.

AU - Betev, L.

AU - de Botton, N.

AU - Bradamante, F.

AU - Bradtke, C.

AU - Bravar, A.

AU - Bültmann, S.

AU - Crabb, D.

AU - Cranshaw, J.

AU - Çuhadar, T.

AU - Dalla Torre, S.

AU - van Dantzig, R.

AU - Derro, B.

AU - Deshpande, A.

AU - Dhawan, S.

AU - Dulya, C.

AU - Dutz, H.

AU - Eichblatt, S.

AU - Fasching, D.

AU - Feinstein, F.

AU - Fernandez, C.

AU - Forthmann, S.

AU - Frois, B.

AU - Gallas, A.

AU - Garzon, J. A.

AU - Gehring, R.

AU - Gilly, H.

AU - Giorgi, M.

AU - Goertz, S.

AU - Gracia, G.

AU - de Groot, N.

AU - Grosse Perdekamp, M.

AU - Haft, K.

AU - Harmsen, J.

AU - von Harrach, D.

AU - Hasegawa, T.

AU - Hautle, P.

AU - Hayashi, N.

AU - Heusch, C. A.

AU - Horikawa, N.

AU - Hughes, V. W.

AU - Igo, G.

AU - Ishimoto, S.

AU - Iwata, T.

AU - Kabuß, E. M.

AU - Kageya, T.

AU - Karev, A.

AU - Ketel, T. J.

AU - Kiryluk, J.

AU - Kisselev, Y.

AU - Kok, E.

AU - Krämer, D.

AU - Kröger, W.

AU - Kurek, K.

AU - Kyynäräinen, J.

AU - Lamanna, M.

AU - Landgraf, U.

AU - Le Goff, J. M.

AU - Lehar, F.

AU - de Lesquen, A.

AU - Lichtenstadt, J.

AU - Litmaath, M.

AU - Magnon, A.

AU - Mallot, G. K.

AU - Martin, A.

AU - Matsuda, T.

AU - Mayes, B.

AU - McCarthy, J. S.

AU - Medved, K.

AU - Meyer, W.

AU - van Middelkoop, G.

AU - Miller, D.

AU - Miyachi, Y.

AU - Mori, K.

AU - Nassalski, J.

AU - Niinikoski, T. O.

AU - Oberski, J. E.J.

AU - Ogawa, A.

AU - Parks, D. P.

AU - Pereira da Costa, H.

AU - Perrot-Kunne, F.

AU - Peshekhonov, D.

AU - Pinsky, L.

AU - Platchkov, S.

AU - Plo, M.

AU - Plückthun, M.

AU - Polec, J.

AU - Pose, D.

AU - Postma, H.

AU - Pretz, J.

AU - Puntaferro, R.

AU - Rädel, G.

AU - Reicherz, G.

AU - Rijllart, A.

AU - Rodriguez, M.

PY - 1998/12/11

Y1 - 1998/12/11

N2 - The 1996 data taking of the SMC experiment used polarized protons to measure the spin-dependent structure function g1 of the proton. Three liters of solid granular ammonia were irradiated at the Bonn electron linac in order to create the paramagnetic radicals which are needed for polarizing the protons. Proton polarizations of ± (90 ± 2.5)% were routinely reached. An analysis based on a theoretical line shape for spin-1 systems with large quadrupolar broadening was developed which allowed the nitrogen polarization in the ammonia to be determined with a 10% relative error. The measured quadrupolar coupling constant of 14N agrees well with earlier extrapolated values. The polarization of the nitrogen nuclei was measured as a function of the proton polarization in order to provide a test of the equal spin temperature (EST) hypothesis. It was found to be closely valid under the dynamic nuclear polarization conditions with which the protons are polarized. Large deviations from EST could be induced by cross relaxing the proton and nitrogen spin systems at low fields. Nitrogen polarizations up to 40% were reached by these means. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

AB - The 1996 data taking of the SMC experiment used polarized protons to measure the spin-dependent structure function g1 of the proton. Three liters of solid granular ammonia were irradiated at the Bonn electron linac in order to create the paramagnetic radicals which are needed for polarizing the protons. Proton polarizations of ± (90 ± 2.5)% were routinely reached. An analysis based on a theoretical line shape for spin-1 systems with large quadrupolar broadening was developed which allowed the nitrogen polarization in the ammonia to be determined with a 10% relative error. The measured quadrupolar coupling constant of 14N agrees well with earlier extrapolated values. The polarization of the nitrogen nuclei was measured as a function of the proton polarization in order to provide a test of the equal spin temperature (EST) hypothesis. It was found to be closely valid under the dynamic nuclear polarization conditions with which the protons are polarized. Large deviations from EST could be induced by cross relaxing the proton and nitrogen spin systems at low fields. Nitrogen polarizations up to 40% were reached by these means. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

KW - Dynamic nuclear polarization

KW - Nuclear magnetic resonance

KW - Quadrupolar interactions

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032295386&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00916-4

DO - 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00916-4

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:0032295386

SN - 0168-9002

VL - 419

SP - 60

EP - 82

JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

IS - 1

ER -

Adeva B, Arik E, Arvidson A, Badelek B, Baum G, Berglund P et al. Measurement of proton and nitrogen polarization in ammonia and a test of equal spin temperature the Spin Muon Collaboration. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 1998 Dec 11;419(1):60-82. doi: 10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00916-4

Measurement of proton and nitrogen polarization in ammonia and a test of equal spin temperature the Spin Muon Collaboration

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