Measurements of Atmospheric Sound Propagation Near the Ground

To accurately predict the spreading of sound to environment is a demanding task. The complexity of the subject increases exponentially while distances grow. There are many different applications calling for better prediction methods and sound propagation models. The scale varies from estimating noise emissions to localization, tracking and identification of sound sources over long distances. Wind farm industry, Civil aviation, the army and traditional industries are giving their contribution to the work. The literature review shows that a good enough understanding of many physical phenomena connected to outdoor sound propagation is still not obtained. Evaluation of sound propagation algorithms needs careful measurements. Sound propagation measurements, especially near impedance boundaries, require many diverse methods to be developed and considered.