@book{9b150473e8aa4f27973d7d89c706c6d3,
title = "Microstructural degradation of boiler tube steels under long term exposure to high temperature",
abstract = "Thermal microstructural degradation was investigated by isothermal annealing of samples from boiler tube steels St 35.8, 15 Mo 3, 13 CrMo 44, 10 CrMo 9 10 and X20 CrMoV 12 1 in the temperature range 600 - 780°C for up to 2 000 h. Optical and scanning electron microscopy and hardness testing were used for characterising the microstructural changes and their time-temperature dependence. The results suggest a simple and consistent time-temperature dependence for all investigated materials, expected to apply also to long term service beyond the annealing time range of the present work. This would allow assessment of the in-service thermal exposure from the observed microstructure. A collection of micrographs has been prepared for this purpose, to aid in classifying and evaluating the observed microstructural state in terms of isothermal exposure to high temperature.",
keywords = "microstructure, hardness, tests, degradation, thermal degradation, boilers, tubes, steels, temperature, microscopy, photomicrographs, classifying",
author = "Jorma Salonen and Pertti Auerkari",
note = "Project code: VAL45023 ",
year = "1996",
language = "English",
isbn = "951-38-4938-4",
series = "VTT Publications",
publisher = "VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland",
number = "280",
address = "Finland",
}