Modified nanofibrillated cellulose-polyvinyl alcohol films with improved mechanical performance

Sanna Virtanen; Jari Vartianen; Harri Setälä; Tekla Tammelin; Sauli Vuoti

doi:10.1039/c3ra46287k

Modified nanofibrillated cellulose-polyvinyl alcohol films with improved mechanical performance

Sanna Virtanen, Jari Vartianen, Harri Setälä, Tekla Tammelin, Sauli Vuoti

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

77 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In this study chemically surface-modified nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) was used at low levels (0.5 to 3 wt%) as reinforcement in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. The modified NFC-PVA films prepared by a solution casting technique showed improved mechanical performance and good optical properties. NFC was allylated and further epoxidised with hydrogen peroxide. The addition of 1 wt% epoxy-NFC enhanced the modulus and strength of the pure PVA film, 474% and 224%, respectively. This composite film exhibited visible light transmittance of 83%. The results also showed that 1 wt% epoxy-NFC loading was beneficial to improve the crystallinity of PVA. SEM characterization confirmed better dispersion of modified NFC within the PVA matrix compared to unmodified NFC. The result showed the favourable effect of chemically modified NFC on the mechanical properties of PVA compared to unmodified NFC as reinforcement.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	11343-11350
Journal	RSC Advances
Volume	4
Issue number	22
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra46287k
Publication status	Published - 28 Feb 2014
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

cellulose

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10.1039/c3ra46287kLicence: CC BY

https://publications.vtt.fi/julkaisut/muut/2014/OA_Modified_nanofibrillated.pdf

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title = "Modified nanofibrillated cellulose-polyvinyl alcohol films with improved mechanical performance",

abstract = "In this study chemically surface-modified nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) was used at low levels (0.5 to 3 wt%) as reinforcement in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. The modified NFC-PVA films prepared by a solution casting technique showed improved mechanical performance and good optical properties. NFC was allylated and further epoxidised with hydrogen peroxide. The addition of 1 wt% epoxy-NFC enhanced the modulus and strength of the pure PVA film, 474% and 224%, respectively. This composite film exhibited visible light transmittance of 83%. The results also showed that 1 wt% epoxy-NFC loading was beneficial to improve the crystallinity of PVA. SEM characterization confirmed better dispersion of modified NFC within the PVA matrix compared to unmodified NFC. The result showed the favourable effect of chemically modified NFC on the mechanical properties of PVA compared to unmodified NFC as reinforcement.",

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author = "Sanna Virtanen and Jari Vartianen and Harri Set{\"a}l{\"a} and Tekla Tammelin and Sauli Vuoti",

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doi = "10.1039/c3ra46287k",

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T1 - Modified nanofibrillated cellulose-polyvinyl alcohol films with improved mechanical performance

AU - Virtanen, Sanna

AU - Vartianen, Jari

AU - Setälä, Harri

AU - Tammelin, Tekla

AU - Vuoti, Sauli

PY - 2014/2/28

Y1 - 2014/2/28

N2 - In this study chemically surface-modified nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) was used at low levels (0.5 to 3 wt%) as reinforcement in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. The modified NFC-PVA films prepared by a solution casting technique showed improved mechanical performance and good optical properties. NFC was allylated and further epoxidised with hydrogen peroxide. The addition of 1 wt% epoxy-NFC enhanced the modulus and strength of the pure PVA film, 474% and 224%, respectively. This composite film exhibited visible light transmittance of 83%. The results also showed that 1 wt% epoxy-NFC loading was beneficial to improve the crystallinity of PVA. SEM characterization confirmed better dispersion of modified NFC within the PVA matrix compared to unmodified NFC. The result showed the favourable effect of chemically modified NFC on the mechanical properties of PVA compared to unmodified NFC as reinforcement.

AB - In this study chemically surface-modified nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) was used at low levels (0.5 to 3 wt%) as reinforcement in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. The modified NFC-PVA films prepared by a solution casting technique showed improved mechanical performance and good optical properties. NFC was allylated and further epoxidised with hydrogen peroxide. The addition of 1 wt% epoxy-NFC enhanced the modulus and strength of the pure PVA film, 474% and 224%, respectively. This composite film exhibited visible light transmittance of 83%. The results also showed that 1 wt% epoxy-NFC loading was beneficial to improve the crystallinity of PVA. SEM characterization confirmed better dispersion of modified NFC within the PVA matrix compared to unmodified NFC. The result showed the favourable effect of chemically modified NFC on the mechanical properties of PVA compared to unmodified NFC as reinforcement.

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Modified nanofibrillated cellulose-polyvinyl alcohol films with improved mechanical performance

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