Abstract
Direct measurements of micro-, meso-, and macroscale transport phenomena in the FT-2 tokamak are shown to be quantitatively reproduced by global full f nonlinear gyrokinetic simulation predictions. A detailed agreement with mean equilibrium E × B flows, oscillating fine-scale zonal flows, and turbulence spectra observed by a set of sophisticated microwave backscattering techniques as well as a good fit of the thermal diffusivity data are demonstrated. A clear influence of the impurity ions on the fluctuating radial electric field is observed.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 165001 |
Journal | Physical Review Letters |
Volume | 109 |
Issue number | 16 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2012 |
MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |