Nanocomposite additive of SiO₂/TiO₂/nanocellulose on waterborne coating formulations for mechanical and aesthetic properties stability on wood

Timber and wood-based materials are considered sustainable building materials; however, as they are prone to degradation by biotic and abiotic factors, they often required the addition of protecting coatings. In this context, the preferred options are waterborne coatings since they are non-aggressive solvents (odor, toxicity, fire risk) and ultimately eliminate the emission of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Notwithstanding, these reductions imply lower durability and protection as compared to conventional organic coatings. This study demonstrates that incorporating nanocellulose produced from blueberry pruning residues and titanium dioxide and silica dioxide NPs into waterborne varnishes can improve wooden surfaces' mechanical performance and stability. Particularly the adhesion and abrasion properties are enhanced without significant changes in other properties such as optical transparency, color, and coating gloss. These results present a promising potential for different applications in the context of developing products for a circular economy in furniture, floors, and wood paneling.