NIS chip refrigeration

J. P. Pekola; J. M. Kyynäräinen; M. M. Leivo; A. J. Manninen

doi:10.1016/S0011-2275(99)00064-8

NIS chip refrigeration

J. P. Pekola (Corresponding Author), J. M. Kyynäräinen, M. M. Leivo, A. J. Manninen

Not published at VTT

University of Jyväskylä

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

7 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

A normal-metal/insulator/superconductor (NIS) tunnel junction can be applied to cool electrons by biasing the junction suitably with external voltage. Two NIS junctions in series can form an efficient microrefrigerator because of the symmetry with bias voltage. Our SINIS microrefrigerator has been capable of reaching electronic temperatures of about 100 mK starting from 300 mK. To achieve appreciable refrigeration of the underlying lattice, the microrefrigerator must be thermally decoupled from the bulk substrate. We have demonstrated experimentally the reduction of lattice temperature by 23 mK at 180 mK by extending the normal electrode on a thin dielectric membrane with four suspended bridges. Methods to improve the efficiency of refrigeration, e.g., by using a superconductor with a large energy gap and/or by increasing the number of tunnel junctions, are discussed. © 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	653-657
Number of pages	5
Journal	Cryogenics
Volume	39
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0011-2275(99)00064-8
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 1999
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

Microcooler
Superconductivity

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10.1016/S0011-2275(99)00064-8

Cite this

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title = "NIS chip refrigeration",

abstract = "A normal-metal/insulator/superconductor (NIS) tunnel junction can be applied to cool electrons by biasing the junction suitably with external voltage. Two NIS junctions in series can form an efficient microrefrigerator because of the symmetry with bias voltage. Our SINIS microrefrigerator has been capable of reaching electronic temperatures of about 100 mK starting from 300 mK. To achieve appreciable refrigeration of the underlying lattice, the microrefrigerator must be thermally decoupled from the bulk substrate. We have demonstrated experimentally the reduction of lattice temperature by 23 mK at 180 mK by extending the normal electrode on a thin dielectric membrane with four suspended bridges. Methods to improve the efficiency of refrigeration, e.g., by using a superconductor with a large energy gap and/or by increasing the number of tunnel junctions, are discussed. {\textcopyright} 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.",

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T1 - NIS chip refrigeration

AU - Pekola, J. P.

AU - Kyynäräinen, J. M.

AU - Leivo, M. M.

AU - Manninen, A. J.

PY - 1999/1/1

Y1 - 1999/1/1

N2 - A normal-metal/insulator/superconductor (NIS) tunnel junction can be applied to cool electrons by biasing the junction suitably with external voltage. Two NIS junctions in series can form an efficient microrefrigerator because of the symmetry with bias voltage. Our SINIS microrefrigerator has been capable of reaching electronic temperatures of about 100 mK starting from 300 mK. To achieve appreciable refrigeration of the underlying lattice, the microrefrigerator must be thermally decoupled from the bulk substrate. We have demonstrated experimentally the reduction of lattice temperature by 23 mK at 180 mK by extending the normal electrode on a thin dielectric membrane with four suspended bridges. Methods to improve the efficiency of refrigeration, e.g., by using a superconductor with a large energy gap and/or by increasing the number of tunnel junctions, are discussed. © 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

AB - A normal-metal/insulator/superconductor (NIS) tunnel junction can be applied to cool electrons by biasing the junction suitably with external voltage. Two NIS junctions in series can form an efficient microrefrigerator because of the symmetry with bias voltage. Our SINIS microrefrigerator has been capable of reaching electronic temperatures of about 100 mK starting from 300 mK. To achieve appreciable refrigeration of the underlying lattice, the microrefrigerator must be thermally decoupled from the bulk substrate. We have demonstrated experimentally the reduction of lattice temperature by 23 mK at 180 mK by extending the normal electrode on a thin dielectric membrane with four suspended bridges. Methods to improve the efficiency of refrigeration, e.g., by using a superconductor with a large energy gap and/or by increasing the number of tunnel junctions, are discussed. © 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

KW - Microcooler

KW - Superconductivity

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VL - 39

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JO - Cryogenics

JF - Cryogenics

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NIS chip refrigeration

Abstract

Keywords

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