Overview of T and D–T results in JET with ITER-like wall

C.F. Maggi (Corresponding Author), et al., Tuomas Tala, Antti Hakola, Aaro Jaervinen, Juuso Karhunen, Anu Kirjasuo, Jari Likonen, Antti Salmi

Research output: Contribution to journalReview Articlepeer-review

10 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In 2021 JET exploited its unique capabilities to operate with T and D–T fuel with an ITER-like Be/W wall (JET-ILW). This second major JET D–T campaign (DTE2), after DTE1 in 1997, represented the culmination of a series of JET enhancements—new fusion diagnostics, new T injection capabilities, refurbishment of the T plant, increased auxiliary heating, in-vessel calibration of 14 MeV neutron yield monitors—as well as significant advances in plasma theory and modelling in the fusion community. DTE2 was complemented by a sequence of isotope physics campaigns encompassing operation in pure tritium at high T-NBI power. Carefully conducted for safe operation with tritium, the new T and D–T experiments used 1 kg of T (vs 100 g in DTE1), yielding the most fusion reactor relevant D–T plasmas to date and expanding our understanding of isotopes and D–T mixture physics. Furthermore, since the JET T and DTE2 campaigns occurred almost 25 years after the last major D–T tokamak experiment, it was also a strategic goal of the European fusion programme to refresh operational experience of a nuclear tokamak to prepare staff for ITER operation. The key physics results of the JET T and DTE2 experiments, carried out within the EUROfusion JET1 work package, are reported in this paper. Progress in the technological exploitation of JET D–T operations, development and validation of nuclear codes, neutronic tools and techniques for ITER operations carried out by EUROfusion (started within the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme and continuing under the Horizon Europe FP) are reported in (Litaudon et al Nucl. Fusion accepted), while JET experience on T and D–T operations is presented in (King et al Nucl. Fusion submitted).
Original languageEnglish
Article number112012
JournalNuclear Fusion
Volume64
Issue number11
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Nov 2024
MoE publication typeA2 Review article in a scientific journal

Funding

This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium, funded by the European Union via the Euratom Research and Training Programme (Grant Agreement No. 101052200—EUROfusion).

Keywords

  • alpha particles
  • D–T
  • fusion prediction
  • heat
  • JET-ILW
  • magnetic fusion
  • particle transport
  • tritium

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