Path-Dependent Supercooling of the 3He  Superfluid A − B  Transition

Dmytro Lotnyk; Anna Eyal; Nikolay Zhelev; Abhilash Sebastian; Yefan Tian; Aldo Chavez; Eric Smith; John Saunders; Erich Mueller; Jeevak Parpia

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.215301

Path-Dependent Supercooling of the ³He Superfluid A − B Transition

Dmytro Lotnyk, Anna Eyal, Nikolay Zhelev, Abhilash Sebastian, Yefan Tian, Aldo Chavez, Eric Smith, John Saunders, Erich Mueller, Jeevak Parpia^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

BA6201 RF microsystems

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Abstract

We examine the discontinuous first-order superfluid ³He A to B transition in the vicinity of the polycritical point (2.232 mK and 21.22 bar). We find path-dependent transitions: cooling at fixed pressure yields a well-defined transition line in the temperature-pressure plane, but this line can be reliably crossed by depressurizing at nearly constant temperature after transiting T_c at a higher pressure. This path dependence is not consistent with any of the standard B-phase nucleation mechanisms in the literature. This symmetry breaking transition is a potential simulator for first order transitions in the early Universe.

Original language	English
Article number	215301
Journal	Physical Review Letters
Volume	126
Issue number	21
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.215301
Publication status	Published - 25 May 2021
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

This work at Cornell was supported by the NSF under DMR-1708341, 2002692 (Parpia), PHY-1806357 (Mueller), and in London by the EPSRC under EP/R04533X/1 and STFC under ST/T006749/1. Fabrication of the channel was carried out at the Cornell Nanoscale Science and Technology Facility (CNF) with assistance and advice from technical staff. The CNF is a member of the National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (NNCI), which is supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant No. NNCI-1542081).

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10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.215301

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title = "Path-Dependent Supercooling of the 3He Superfluid A − B Transition",

abstract = "We examine the discontinuous first-order superfluid 3He A to B transition in the vicinity of the polycritical point (2.232 mK and 21.22 bar). We find path-dependent transitions: cooling at fixed pressure yields a well-defined transition line in the temperature-pressure plane, but this line can be reliably crossed by depressurizing at nearly constant temperature after transiting Tc at a higher pressure. This path dependence is not consistent with any of the standard B-phase nucleation mechanisms in the literature. This symmetry breaking transition is a potential simulator for first order transitions in the early Universe.",

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AU - Tian, Yefan

AU - Chavez, Aldo

AU - Smith, Eric

AU - Saunders, John

AU - Mueller, Erich

AU - Parpia, Jeevak

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AB - We examine the discontinuous first-order superfluid 3He A to B transition in the vicinity of the polycritical point (2.232 mK and 21.22 bar). We find path-dependent transitions: cooling at fixed pressure yields a well-defined transition line in the temperature-pressure plane, but this line can be reliably crossed by depressurizing at nearly constant temperature after transiting Tc at a higher pressure. This path dependence is not consistent with any of the standard B-phase nucleation mechanisms in the literature. This symmetry breaking transition is a potential simulator for first order transitions in the early Universe.

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Path-Dependent Supercooling of the ³He Superfluid A − B Transition

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