Performance of a Direct-Liquid-Cooled Motor in an Electric Bus under Different Load Cycles

Pia Lindh*, Ilya Petrov, Paula Immonen, Juha Pyrhonen, Markku Niemela, Joel Anttila, Marko Paakkinen, Eero Scherman

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

    18 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    In this paper, a direct liquid cooling method is proposed for a radial-flux permanent-magnet motor. To demonstrate the feasibility of the cooling method, a test motor with a rated output of 205 kW was designed, constructed, and tested in an actual vehicle application, an electric city bus. The energy consumption tests were conducted by applying a heavy-duty chassis dynamometer capable of simulating the inertia, weight, and road loads that the buses are subjected to in the normal on-road operation. The electricity consumption on the real bus route of the Espoo line 11 in Finland was 0.61 kWh/km. The test results of the cooling solution show that the motor is capable of meeting the most challenging requirements of the load cycle even with a full payload. The highest winding temperature rise in the test driving cycles was only 26 °C, which proves the effectiveness of direct-liquid-cooled coils in a vehicle motor.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)86897-86905
    Number of pages9
    JournalIEEE Access
    Volume7
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2019
    MoE publication typeA1 Journal article-refereed

    Keywords

    • direct liquid cooling
    • Electric machines
    • permanent magnet motors
    • rotating machines
    • traction motors

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