Plasma alkylresorcinols C17:0/C21:0 ratio, a biomarker of relative whole-grain rye intake, is associated to insulin sensitivity: a randomized study

O.K. Magnusdottir*, R. Landberg, I. Gunnarsdottir, L. Cloetens, B. Åkesson, M. Landin-Olsson, F. Rosqvist, D. Iggman, U. Schwab, K.-H. Herzig, M.J. Savolainen, L. Brader, K. Hermansen, Marjukka Kolehmainen, Kaisa Poutanen, M. Uusitupa, I. Thorsdottir, U. Riserus

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

    29 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Background/Objectives: Few studies have used biomarkers of whole-grain intake to study its relation to glucose metabolism. We aimed to investigate the association between plasma alkylresorcinols (AR), a biomarker of whole-grain rye and wheat intake, and glucose metabolism in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

    Subjects/Methods: Participants were 30-65 years of age, with body mass index 27-40 kg/m 2 and had MetS without diabetes. Individuals were recruited through six centers in the Nordic countries and randomized to a healthy Nordic diet (ND, n=96), rich in whole-grain rye and wheat, or a control diet (n=70), for 18-24 weeks. In addition, associations between total plasma AR concentration and C17:0/C21:0 homolog ratio as an indication of the relative whole-grain rye intake, and glucose metabolism measures from oral glucose tolerance tests were investigated in pooled (ND+control) regression analyses at 18/24 weeks.

    Results: ND did not improve glucose metabolism compared with control diet, but the AR C17:0/C21:0 ratio was inversely associated with fasting insulin concentrations (P=0.002) and positively associated with the insulin sensitivity indices Matsuda ISI (P=0.026) and disposition index (P=0.022) in pooled analyses at 18/24 weeks, even after adjustment for confounders. The AR C17:0/C21:0 ratio was not significantly associated with insulin secretion indices. Total plasma AR concentration was not related to fasting plasma glucose or fasting insulin at 18/24 weeks.

    Conclusions: The AR C17:0/C21:0 ratio, an indicator of relative whole-grain rye intake, is associated with increased insulin sensitivity in a population with MetS.
    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)453-458
    JournalEuropean Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    Volume68
    Issue number4
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2014
    MoE publication typeA1 Journal article-refereed

    Keywords

    • Alkylresorcinols
    • insulin sensitivity
    • rye
    • whole grain

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