Port data infrastructure analysis towards digitalization readiness

Purpose
Digitalizing port data infrastructure is essential to enhance efficiency and harmonization among global ports. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has introduced convention amendments mandating all ports to implement the Maritime Single Window. While this regulation is a significant step toward digitalization in the shipping industry, many ports face challenges in technological readiness. This study examines how global ports are progressing in digitalization and their preparedness for compliance.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative study was conducted through interviews with representatives from 26 ports across Asia, Europe, Africa, and the Americas. The research includes small, medium, and large ports to ensure a broad global representation. The responses were systematically analysed to assess the advancement of port systems, offering insights into their technological progress.

Findings
Larger ports typically have more advanced port data infrastructure with better system integration than small and medium-sized ports. Flexible and configurable systems, such as those adaptable to varying port requirements, are widely adopted across ports, regardless of size or operational capacity.
Research limitations/implications
Although the research considered 26 ports, the findings offer valuable insights into digitalization trends. Future research could benefit from including a larger number of ports, ensuring broader global representation.

Practical implications
This study provides guidance on the technological readiness of ports based on size and region, highlighting the importance of knowledge and resource exchange to support technological advancements.

Original/value
This offers valuable input for international maritime regulatory bodies, helping them shape upcoming mandates in line with global digitalization efforts.