Progress in the Development of Frequency-Domain Multiplexing for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on Board the Athena Mission

H. Akamatsu; L. Gottardi; J. van der Kuur; C. P. de Vries; M. P. Bruijn; J. A. Chervenak; M. Kiviranta; A. J. van den Linden; B. D. Jackson; A. Miniussi; K. Ravensberg; K. Sakai; S. J. Smith; N. Wakeham

doi:10.1007/s10909-020-02351-3

Progress in the Development of Frequency-Domain Multiplexing for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on Board the Athena Mission

H. Akamatsu (Corresponding Author), L. Gottardi, J. van der Kuur, C. P. de Vries, M. P. Bruijn, J. A. Chervenak, M. Kiviranta, A. J. van den Linden, B. D. Jackson, A. Miniussi, K. Ravensberg, K. Sakai, S. J. Smith, N. Wakeham

BA191H Quantum systems

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

Abstract

Frequency-domain multiplexing (FDM) is the baseline readout system for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on board the Athena mission. Under the FDM scheme, TESs are coupled to a passive LC filter and biased with alternating current (AC bias) at MHz frequencies. Using high-quality-factor LC filters and room-temperature electronics developed at SRON and low-noise two-stage SQUID amplifiers provided by VTT, we have recently demonstrated good performance with the FDM readout of Mo/Au TES calorimeters with Au/Bi absorbers. We have achieved a performance requested for the demonstration model with the single-pixel AC bias (ΔE=1.8eV) and nine-pixel multiplexing (ΔE=2.6eV) modes. We have also demonstrated 14-pixel multiplexing with an average energy resolution of 3.3 eV, which is limited by nonfundamental issues related to FDM readout in our laboratory setup.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	737-744
Number of pages	8
Journal	Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Volume	199
Issue number	3-4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-020-02351-3
Publication status	Published - 1 May 2020
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

Athena
Transition-edge sensors
X-IFU
X-ray astronomy
X-ray calorimeters

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10.1007/s10909-020-02351-3

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Akamatsu, H., Gottardi, L., van der Kuur, J., de Vries, C. P., Bruijn, M. P., Chervenak, J. A., Kiviranta, M., van den Linden, A. J., Jackson, B. D., Miniussi, A., Ravensberg, K., Sakai, K., Smith, S. J., & Wakeham, N. (2020). Progress in the Development of Frequency-Domain Multiplexing for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on Board the Athena Mission. Journal of Low Temperature Physics, 199(3-4), 737-744. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-020-02351-3

Akamatsu, H. ; Gottardi, L. ; van der Kuur, J. ; de Vries, C. P. ; Bruijn, M. P. ; Chervenak, J. A. ; Kiviranta, M. ; van den Linden, A. J. ; Jackson, B. D. ; Miniussi, A. ; Ravensberg, K. ; Sakai, K. ; Smith, S. J. ; Wakeham, N. / Progress in the Development of Frequency-Domain Multiplexing for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on Board the Athena Mission. In: Journal of Low Temperature Physics. 2020 ; Vol. 199, No. 3-4. pp. 737-744.

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title = "Progress in the Development of Frequency-Domain Multiplexing for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on Board the Athena Mission",

abstract = "Frequency-domain multiplexing (FDM) is the baseline readout system for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on board the Athena mission. Under the FDM scheme, TESs are coupled to a passive LC filter and biased with alternating current (AC bias) at MHz frequencies. Using high-quality-factor LC filters and room-temperature electronics developed at SRON and low-noise two-stage SQUID amplifiers provided by VTT, we have recently demonstrated good performance with the FDM readout of Mo/Au TES calorimeters with Au/Bi absorbers. We have achieved a performance requested for the demonstration model with the single-pixel AC bias (ΔE=1.8eV) and nine-pixel multiplexing (ΔE=2.6eV) modes. We have also demonstrated 14-pixel multiplexing with an average energy resolution of 3.3 eV, which is limited by nonfundamental issues related to FDM readout in our laboratory setup.",

keywords = "Athena, Transition-edge sensors, X-IFU, X-ray astronomy, X-ray calorimeters",

author = "H. Akamatsu and L. Gottardi and {van der Kuur}, J. and {de Vries}, {C. P.} and Bruijn, {M. P.} and Chervenak, {J. A.} and M. Kiviranta and {van den Linden}, {A. J.} and Jackson, {B. D.} and A. Miniussi and K. Ravensberg and K. Sakai and Smith, {S. J.} and N. Wakeham",

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doi = "10.1007/s10909-020-02351-3",

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Akamatsu, H, Gottardi, L, van der Kuur, J, de Vries, CP, Bruijn, MP, Chervenak, JA, Kiviranta, M, van den Linden, AJ, Jackson, BD, Miniussi, A, Ravensberg, K, Sakai, K, Smith, SJ & Wakeham, N 2020, 'Progress in the Development of Frequency-Domain Multiplexing for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on Board the Athena Mission', Journal of Low Temperature Physics, vol. 199, no. 3-4, pp. 737-744. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-020-02351-3

Progress in the Development of Frequency-Domain Multiplexing for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on Board the Athena Mission. / Akamatsu, H. (Corresponding Author); Gottardi, L.; van der Kuur, J.; de Vries, C. P.; Bruijn, M. P.; Chervenak, J. A.; Kiviranta, M.; van den Linden, A. J.; Jackson, B. D.; Miniussi, A.; Ravensberg, K.; Sakai, K.; Smith, S. J.; Wakeham, N.

In: Journal of Low Temperature Physics, Vol. 199, No. 3-4, 01.05.2020, p. 737-744.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

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AU - Akamatsu, H.

AU - Gottardi, L.

AU - van der Kuur, J.

AU - de Vries, C. P.

AU - Bruijn, M. P.

AU - Chervenak, J. A.

AU - Kiviranta, M.

AU - van den Linden, A. J.

AU - Jackson, B. D.

AU - Miniussi, A.

AU - Ravensberg, K.

AU - Sakai, K.

AU - Smith, S. J.

AU - Wakeham, N.

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N2 - Frequency-domain multiplexing (FDM) is the baseline readout system for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on board the Athena mission. Under the FDM scheme, TESs are coupled to a passive LC filter and biased with alternating current (AC bias) at MHz frequencies. Using high-quality-factor LC filters and room-temperature electronics developed at SRON and low-noise two-stage SQUID amplifiers provided by VTT, we have recently demonstrated good performance with the FDM readout of Mo/Au TES calorimeters with Au/Bi absorbers. We have achieved a performance requested for the demonstration model with the single-pixel AC bias (ΔE=1.8eV) and nine-pixel multiplexing (ΔE=2.6eV) modes. We have also demonstrated 14-pixel multiplexing with an average energy resolution of 3.3 eV, which is limited by nonfundamental issues related to FDM readout in our laboratory setup.

AB - Frequency-domain multiplexing (FDM) is the baseline readout system for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on board the Athena mission. Under the FDM scheme, TESs are coupled to a passive LC filter and biased with alternating current (AC bias) at MHz frequencies. Using high-quality-factor LC filters and room-temperature electronics developed at SRON and low-noise two-stage SQUID amplifiers provided by VTT, we have recently demonstrated good performance with the FDM readout of Mo/Au TES calorimeters with Au/Bi absorbers. We have achieved a performance requested for the demonstration model with the single-pixel AC bias (ΔE=1.8eV) and nine-pixel multiplexing (ΔE=2.6eV) modes. We have also demonstrated 14-pixel multiplexing with an average energy resolution of 3.3 eV, which is limited by nonfundamental issues related to FDM readout in our laboratory setup.

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KW - Transition-edge sensors

KW - X-IFU

KW - X-ray astronomy

KW - X-ray calorimeters

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