Reduced graphene oxide electrodes meet lateral flow assays: A promising path to advanced point-of-care diagnostics

Enric Calucho, Ruslan Álvarez-Diduk*, Andrew Piper, Marianna Rossetti, Tarja K. Nevanen, Arben Merkoçi*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Research in electrochemical detection in lateral flow assays (LFAs) has gained significant momentum in recent years. The primary impetus for this surge in interest is the pursuit of achieving lower limits of detection, especially given that LFAs are the most widely employed point-of-care biosensors. Conventionally, the strategy for merging electrochemistry and LFAs has centered on the superposition of screen-printed electrodes onto nitrocellulose substrates during LFA fabrication. Nevertheless, this approach poses substantial limitations regarding scalability. In response, we have developed a novel method for the complete integration of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) electrodes into LFA strips. We employed a CO2 laser to concurrently reduce graphene oxide and pattern nitrocellulose, exposing its backing to create connection sites impervious to sample leakage. Subsequently, rGO and nitrocellulose were juxtaposed and introduced into a roll-to-roll system using a wax printer. The exerted pressure facilitated the transfer of rGO onto the nitrocellulose. We systematically evaluated several electrochemical strategies to harness the synergy between rGO and LFAs. While certain challenges persist, our rGO transfer technology presents compelling potential for setting a new standard in electrochemical LFA fabrication.

Original languageEnglish
Article number116315
Number of pages10
JournalBiosensors and Bioelectronics
Volume258
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 15 Aug 2024
MoE publication typeA1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Graphene Flagship grant agreement no. 881603. The support received is also acknowledged by R. Alvarez. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union. The European Union cannot be held responsible for them. This project has received funding from the European Union\u2019s Horizon Europe \u2013 the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2021-2027) under grant agreement No 101120706. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them. The ICN2 is funded by the CERCA programme / Generalitat de Catalunya. The ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa Centres of Excellence programme, Grant CEX2021-001214-S, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039.501100011033. E. Calucho acknowledges Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00F3n of Spain and Fondo Social Europeo for the Fellowship PRE2018-084856 awarded under the call \u201CAyudas para contratos predoctorales para la formaci\u00F3n de doctors, Subprograma Estatal de Formaci\u00F3n del Programa Estatal de Promoci\u00F3n del Talento y su Empleabilidad en I+D+i\u201D, under the framework of \u201CPlan Estatal de Investigaci\u00F3n Cient\u00EDfica y T\u00E9cnica y de Innovaci\u00F3n 2017-2020\u201D. E. Calucho also acknowledges Universitat Aut\u00F2noma de Barcelona (UAB) for the possibility of performing this work inside the framework of Biotechnology PhD Programme. M. Rossetti is supported from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie grant agreement No 101029884 (SERENA). We acknowledge Departament de Recerca i Universitats of Generalitat de Catalunya for the grant 2021 SGR 01464

Keywords

  • Electrochemistry
  • Laser reduced graphene oxide
  • Lateral flow assays
  • Nanoflowers
  • Scalable fabrication

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