Refractive index of human articular cartilage varies with tissue structure and composition

Bilour Khan; Ervin Nippolainen; Fatemeh Shahini; Jari Torniainen; Santtu Mikkonen; Nonappa; Alexey Popov; Juha Toyras; Isaac O. Afara

doi:10.1364/JOSAA.498722

Refractive index of human articular cartilage varies with tissue structure and composition

Bilour Khan^*
, Ervin Nippolainen
, Fatemeh Shahini
, Jari Torniainen
, Santtu Mikkonen
, Nonappa
, Alexey Popov
, Juha Toyras
, Isaac O. Afara

^*Corresponding author for this work

BA63 Sensing solutions

University of Eastern Finland
University of Queensland
Tampere University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Optical properties of biological tissues, such as refractive index, are fundamental properties, intrinsically linked to a tissue s composition and structure. This study aims to investigate the variation of refractive index (RI) of human articular cartilage along the tissue depth (via collagen fibril orientation and optical density) and integrity (based on Mankin and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores). The results show the relationship between RI and PG content ( p=0.042), collagen orientation ( p=0.037), and OARSI score ( p=0.072). When taken into account, the outcome of this study suggests that the RI of healthy cartilage differs from that of pathological cartilage ( p=0.072). This could potentially provide knowledge on how progressive tissue degeneration, such as osteoarthritis, affects changes in cartilage RI, which can, in turn, be used as a potential optical biomarker of tissue pathology.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2205-2214
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of the Optical Society of America A: Optics and Image Science, and Vision
Volume	40
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.498722
Publication status	Published - 2023
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

Acknowledgment. Dr. Afara acknowledges funding from the Academy of Finland and Erkko Foundation. We acknowledge the Academy of Finland’s Photonics Research and Innovation (PREIN) flagship for financial support.

Keywords

Humans
Cartilage, Articular/chemistry
Refractometry/methods
Osteoarthritis/pathology
Collagen/analysis

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10.1364/JOSAA.498722

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title = "Refractive index of human articular cartilage varies with tissue structure and composition",

abstract = "Optical properties of biological tissues, such as refractive index, are fundamental properties, intrinsically linked to a tissue s composition and structure. This study aims to investigate the variation of refractive index (RI) of human articular cartilage along the tissue depth (via collagen fibril orientation and optical density) and integrity (based on Mankin and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores). The results show the relationship between RI and PG content ( p=0.042), collagen orientation ( p=0.037), and OARSI score ( p=0.072). When taken into account, the outcome of this study suggests that the RI of healthy cartilage differs from that of pathological cartilage ( p=0.072). This could potentially provide knowledge on how progressive tissue degeneration, such as osteoarthritis, affects changes in cartilage RI, which can, in turn, be used as a potential optical biomarker of tissue pathology.",

keywords = "Humans, Cartilage, Articular/chemistry, Refractometry/methods, Osteoarthritis/pathology, Collagen/analysis",

author = "Bilour Khan and Ervin Nippolainen and Fatemeh Shahini and Jari Torniainen and Santtu Mikkonen and Nonappa and Alexey Popov and Juha Toyras and Afara, \{Isaac O.\}",

year = "2023",

doi = "10.1364/JOSAA.498722",

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T1 - Refractive index of human articular cartilage varies with tissue structure and composition

AU - Khan, Bilour

AU - Nippolainen, Ervin

AU - Shahini, Fatemeh

AU - Torniainen, Jari

AU - Mikkonen, Santtu

AU - Nonappa,

AU - Popov, Alexey

AU - Toyras, Juha

AU - Afara, Isaac O.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Optical properties of biological tissues, such as refractive index, are fundamental properties, intrinsically linked to a tissue s composition and structure. This study aims to investigate the variation of refractive index (RI) of human articular cartilage along the tissue depth (via collagen fibril orientation and optical density) and integrity (based on Mankin and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores). The results show the relationship between RI and PG content ( p=0.042), collagen orientation ( p=0.037), and OARSI score ( p=0.072). When taken into account, the outcome of this study suggests that the RI of healthy cartilage differs from that of pathological cartilage ( p=0.072). This could potentially provide knowledge on how progressive tissue degeneration, such as osteoarthritis, affects changes in cartilage RI, which can, in turn, be used as a potential optical biomarker of tissue pathology.

AB - Optical properties of biological tissues, such as refractive index, are fundamental properties, intrinsically linked to a tissue s composition and structure. This study aims to investigate the variation of refractive index (RI) of human articular cartilage along the tissue depth (via collagen fibril orientation and optical density) and integrity (based on Mankin and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores). The results show the relationship between RI and PG content ( p=0.042), collagen orientation ( p=0.037), and OARSI score ( p=0.072). When taken into account, the outcome of this study suggests that the RI of healthy cartilage differs from that of pathological cartilage ( p=0.072). This could potentially provide knowledge on how progressive tissue degeneration, such as osteoarthritis, affects changes in cartilage RI, which can, in turn, be used as a potential optical biomarker of tissue pathology.

KW - Humans

KW - Cartilage, Articular/chemistry

KW - Refractometry/methods

KW - Osteoarthritis/pathology

KW - Collagen/analysis

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85179007115

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DO - 10.1364/JOSAA.498722

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SN - 1084-7529

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JF - Journal of the Optical Society of America A: Optics and Image Science, and Vision

IS - 12

ER -

Refractive index of human articular cartilage varies with tissue structure and composition

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Keywords

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