Regional Acidification Model for Forest Soils

Matti Johansson, Ilkka Savolainen

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter or book articleProfessional

Abstract

Regional model calculations of forest soil acidification in Finland for different
future energy use and emission reduction input scenarios are compared. The
calculations have been made with the Finnish Acidification Assessment Model
(HAKOMA) consisting of modules for emissions, emission abatement costs,
atmospheric dispersion, transformation and deposition, and impacts on forest
soils and lakes. The impact modules include time-dependent simulations of forest
soil and lake acidification processes which consider the dynamic nature of ecosystems. The existing buffering capacity and its depletion are assumed to have
ecological impacts. In forest soil acidification the depletion of the nutrient cation
inventory in soil by acid deposition and through tree harvesting is considered.
Cations are supplied by atmospheric deposition, estimated by measurements, and
mineral weathering. The distribution of soil types is estimated on the basis of the
national forest inventory. The cation contents for each soil class are derived from
measurement programmes.
The results of the pilot studies show the most critical areas regarding acidification to be in the areas of high deposition in southwestern and southeastern
Finland. To minimize the acidification, considerable emission reductions seem to
be necessary both in Finland and in the areas of high emissions in the neighbouring
countries. The results were also relatively sensitive to the parameter values in the
soil model.
Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationAcidification in Finland
EditorsPekka Kauppi, Pia Anttila, Kaarle Kenttämies
Place of PublicationHeidelberg
PublisherSpringer
Pages253-269
ISBN (Print)3-540-52213-1, 0-387-52213-1
Publication statusPublished - 1990
MoE publication typeD2 Article in professional manuals or guides or professional information systems or text book material

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