@article{82c47daf4f6f42a0b19f153c4d9cb2f9,
title = "Role of nanocellulose in tailoring electroanalytical performance of hybrid nanocellulose/multiwalled carbon nanotube electrodes",
abstract = "Nanocellulose has emerged as a promising green dispersant for carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and there is an increasing trend in developing nanocellulose/CNT hybrid materials for electrochemical detection of various small molecules. However, there have been very few comprehensive studies investigating the role of nanocellulosic material properties upon the electroanalytical performance of the resultant hybrid electrodes. In this work, we demonstrate the influence of both nanocellulose functionalization and geometry, utilizing sulfated cellulose nanocrystals, sulfated cellulose nanofibers, and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers. Transmission electron microscopy tomography enables direct visualization of the effect of nanocellulosic materials on the hybrid architectures. High resolution X-ray absorption spectroscopy verifies that the chemical nature of CNTs in the different hybrids is unmodified. Electroanalytical performances of the different nanocellulose/CNT hybrid electrodes are critically evaluated using physiologically relevant biomolecules with different charge such as, dopamine (cationic), paracetamol (neutral), and uric acid (anionic). The hybrid electrode containing fibrillar nanocellulose geometry with a high degree of sulfate group functionalization provides the highest electroanalytical sensitivity and strongest enrichment towards all studied analytes. These results clearly demonstrate for the first time, the extent of tailorability upon the electroanalytical response of nanocellulose/CNT hybrid electrodes towards different biomolecules, offered simply by the choice of nanocellulosic materials.",
keywords = "Carbon nanotubes, Electrochemical, Hybrid materials, Nanocellulose",
author = "Vasuki Durairaj and Touko Liljestr{\"o}m and Niklas Wester and Peter Engelhardt and Sami Sainio and Wilson, {Benjamin P.} and Panpan Li and Kontturi, {Katri S.} and Tekla Tammelin and Tomi Laurila and Jari Koskinen",
note = "Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the provision of facilities by Aalto University Bioeconomy and OtaNano—Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto-NMC) and RawMatters research infrastructure (RAMI). D.Sc. Yanling Ge is acknowledged for assistance with TEM of nanocellulosic materials. Use of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. Funding Information: Open Access funding provided by Aalto University. This study was funded by the Academy of Finlands Flagship Programme under Projects Nos. 318890 and 318891 (Competence Center for Materials Bioeconomy, FinnCERES). Author SS, was additionally funded by Walter Ahlstr{\"o}m Foundation and European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No 841621. Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the provision of facilities by Aalto University Bioeconomy and OtaNano—Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto-NMC) and RawMatters research infrastructure (RAMI). D.Sc. Yanling Ge is acknowledged for assistance with TEM of nanocellulosic materials. Use of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s).",
year = "2022",
month = nov,
doi = "10.1007/s10570-022-04836-8",
language = "English",
volume = "29",
pages = "9217--9233",
journal = "Cellulose",
issn = "0969-0239",
publisher = "Springer",
number = "17",
}