Simulations of a predictable quantum efficient detector with PC1D

The spectral responsivity of a predictable quantum efficient detector (PQED) is calculated based on the responsivity of an ideal quantum detector and taking into account reflection losses from the surface of the photodiode and internal charge-carrier gains/losses inside the diode. The internal quantum deficiency (IQD) is obtained from simulations with the PC1D software using the material data of the produced PQED photodiodes. The results indicate that at room temperature the predicted IQD of the PQED is close to zero with an uncertainty of about 100 ppm over the visible range. It is further concluded that a primary standard of visible optical power with an uncertainty of approximately 1 ppm is achievable using the PQED at low temperatures.