TY - JOUR
T1 - Small- to medium-scale deep syngas purification
T2 - Biomass-to-liquids multi-contaminant removal demonstration
AU - Frilund, Christian
AU - Tuomi, Sanna
AU - Kurkela, Esa
AU - Simell, Pekka
N1 - Funding Information:
We acknowledge “COMSYN” project for the financial support. COMSYN has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 727476 . The work was also financially supported by the “REDIFUEL” project (EU H2020 Grant Agreement No. 817612 ). The authors would like to thank validation campaign staff, including Ilkka Hiltunen, Teemu Työppönen, Pertti Luoma, Petri Hietula and Aki Braunschweiler, as well as the staff responsible for the analytics.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/5
Y1 - 2021/5
N2 - The complete and economic removal of harmful components from biomass gasification-based syngas is a major challenge. A final gas cleaning concept for syngas purification to catalytic synthesis quality was developed as an alternative to organic-solvent scrubbing technologies. The motivation is to present smaller-scale BTL processes with a potentially lower-capex gas cleaning solution. The purpose of this study was to realize and validate the final gas cleaning concept in a real syngas environment and to study longer-term performance of deep gas cleaning. Two successful PDU-scale campaigns in complete biomass-to-liquids production chain were performed. A total on-stream time of 163 h was realized in syngas generated from residual woody- and agro-biomasses, with coupled gas feeding to Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. For S-species removal the final gas cleaning featured a novel hybrid of activated carbon- and ZnO-based bed materials. NH3 and partial CO2 removal was achieved by pressurized water scrubbing. The campaigns employed extensive continuous and non-continuous analysis techniques for the study of syngas impurities such as H2S, COS, NH3, HCN, HCl, benzene and tar. The final gas cleaning process demonstrated flexible deep removal of syngas contaminants of all tested biomass origins, thus achieving similar or better purification levels as conventional wet-scrubbing technologies. The cleaned gas was therefore suitable for catalytic synthesis purposes, demonstrating the technical feasibility of the new final cleaning process in conjunction with optimized hot gas cleaning.
AB - The complete and economic removal of harmful components from biomass gasification-based syngas is a major challenge. A final gas cleaning concept for syngas purification to catalytic synthesis quality was developed as an alternative to organic-solvent scrubbing technologies. The motivation is to present smaller-scale BTL processes with a potentially lower-capex gas cleaning solution. The purpose of this study was to realize and validate the final gas cleaning concept in a real syngas environment and to study longer-term performance of deep gas cleaning. Two successful PDU-scale campaigns in complete biomass-to-liquids production chain were performed. A total on-stream time of 163 h was realized in syngas generated from residual woody- and agro-biomasses, with coupled gas feeding to Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. For S-species removal the final gas cleaning featured a novel hybrid of activated carbon- and ZnO-based bed materials. NH3 and partial CO2 removal was achieved by pressurized water scrubbing. The campaigns employed extensive continuous and non-continuous analysis techniques for the study of syngas impurities such as H2S, COS, NH3, HCN, HCl, benzene and tar. The final gas cleaning process demonstrated flexible deep removal of syngas contaminants of all tested biomass origins, thus achieving similar or better purification levels as conventional wet-scrubbing technologies. The cleaned gas was therefore suitable for catalytic synthesis purposes, demonstrating the technical feasibility of the new final cleaning process in conjunction with optimized hot gas cleaning.
KW - Adsorption
KW - Biomass-to-liquids
KW - Gasification
KW - Hydrogen sulfide, Water scrubbing
KW - Process validation
KW - Syngas cleaning
KW - Ultracleaning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102654542&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.biombioe.2021.106031
DO - 10.1016/j.biombioe.2021.106031
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85102654542
VL - 148
JO - Biomass and Bioenergy
JF - Biomass and Bioenergy
SN - 0961-9534
M1 - 106031
ER -