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Somatic embryogenesis in birches (Betula spp.)

  • Anna-Maria Nuutila
  • , Ulrika Kurten
  • , Riitta Puupponen-Pimiä
  • , Jari Hämäläinen
  • , Leena Mannonen
  • , Veli Kauppinen
    • VTT (former employee or external)

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter or book articleScientificpeer-review

    Abstract

    Members of the genus Betula are deciduous trees, bushes, or shrubs with brown branches and a trunk, the upper part of which is covered with smooth, silver-white to white bark and the base with blackish, fissured bark. Birches are monoecious: the purple-brown male flowers are housed is drooping catkins and the green female catkins are small and erect but hang when mature. The fruit is a winged achene (Jury 1978).
    Original languageEnglish
    Title of host publicationSomatic Embryogenesis and Synthetic Seed I
    EditorsY.P.S. Bajaj
    Place of PublicationBerlin,Heidelberg
    PublisherSpringer
    ChapterIII.2
    Pages246-259
    ISBN (Electronic)978-3-662-03091-2
    ISBN (Print)978-3-642-08183-5
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 1995
    MoE publication typeA3 Part of a book or another research book

    Publication series

    SeriesBiotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry
    Volume30
    ISSN0934-943X

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