Strategies for Continuous Balancing in Future Power Systems with High Wind and Solar Shares

Henrik Nordström; Lennart Söder; Damian Flynn; Julia Matevosyan; Juha Kiviluoma; Hannele Holttinen; Til Kristian Vrana; Adriaan van der Welle; Germán Morales-España; Danny Pudjianto; Goran Strbac; Jan Dobschinski; Ana Estanqueiro; Hugo Algarvio; Sergio Martín Martínez; Emilio Gómez Lázaro; Bri Mathias Hodge

doi:10.3390/en16145249

Strategies for Continuous Balancing in Future Power Systems with High Wind and Solar Shares

Henrik Nordström^*, Lennart Söder^*, Damian Flynn, Julia Matevosyan, Juha Kiviluoma, Hannele Holttinen, Til Kristian Vrana, Adriaan van der Welle, Germán Morales-España, Danny Pudjianto, Goran Strbac, Jan Dobschinski, Ana Estanqueiro, Hugo Algarvio, Sergio Martín Martínez, Emilio Gómez Lázaro, Bri Mathias Hodge

^*Corresponding author for this work

DOES - Design and Operation of Energy Systems

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review Article › peer-review

20 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The use of wind power has grown strongly in recent years and is expected to continue to increase in the coming decades. Solar power is also expected to increase significantly. In a power system, a continuous balance is maintained between total production and demand. This balancing is currently mainly managed with conventional power plants, but with larger amounts of wind and solar power, other sources will also be needed. Interesting possibilities include continuous control of wind and solar power, battery storage, electric vehicles, hydrogen production, and other demand resources with flexibility potential. The aim of this article is to describe and compare the different challenges and future possibilities in six systems concerning how to keep a continuous balance in the future with significantly larger amounts of variable renewable power production. A realistic understanding of how these systems plan to handle continuous balancing is central to effectively develop a carbon-dioxide-free electricity system of the future. The systems included in the overview are the Nordic synchronous area, the island of Ireland, the Iberian Peninsula, Texas (ERCOT), the central European system, and Great Britain.

Original language	English
Article number	5249
Journal	Energies
Volume	16
Issue number	14
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/en16145249
Publication status	Published - Jul 2023
MoE publication type	A2 Review article in a scientific journal

Funding

The work by H.N. and L.S. was funded by the Swedish Energy Agency (Energimyndigheten), project “Efficient handling of power system balance in a future with close to 100% renewable power”, project number 51292-1. The work by D.F. was funded by Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI). The work by J.K. was funded by Horizon Europe Project Mopo (grant agreement N°101095998). The work by S.M.M. and E.G.L. was partially funded by the Council of Communities of Castilla–La Mancha (Junta de Comunidades de Castilla–La Mancha, JCCM) through Project SBPLY/19/180501/000287; by the State Research Agency (Agencia Estatal de Investigación, AEI) and by the European Regional Development Fund (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER) through project PID2021-126082OB-C21. This research was conducted as an international collaboration in IEA Wind TCP Task 25: Design and Operation of Energy Systems with Large Amounts of Variable Generation. H.N. and L.S. thank Matti Koivisto and Kaushik Das at DTU Wind and Energy Systems for their input on the article structure in the early phases of the work. H.N. and L.S. acknowledges the funding by the Swedish Energy Agency (project number 51292-1). J.K. acknowledges funding from Horizon Europe project Mopo (grant agreement N°101095998). This work was authored in part by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under contract no. DE-AC36-08GO28308. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government.

Keywords

balancing services
continuous balancing
frequency control
renewable power system
solar power
wind power

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.3390/en16145249Licence: CC BY

Cite this

Nordström, H., Söder, L., Flynn, D., Matevosyan, J., Kiviluoma, J., Holttinen, H., Vrana, T. K., van der Welle, A., Morales-España, G., Pudjianto, D., Strbac, G., Dobschinski, J., Estanqueiro, A., Algarvio, H., Martín Martínez, S., Gómez Lázaro, E., & Hodge, B. M. (2023). Strategies for Continuous Balancing in Future Power Systems with High Wind and Solar Shares. Energies, 16(14), Article 5249. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16145249

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abstract = "The use of wind power has grown strongly in recent years and is expected to continue to increase in the coming decades. Solar power is also expected to increase significantly. In a power system, a continuous balance is maintained between total production and demand. This balancing is currently mainly managed with conventional power plants, but with larger amounts of wind and solar power, other sources will also be needed. Interesting possibilities include continuous control of wind and solar power, battery storage, electric vehicles, hydrogen production, and other demand resources with flexibility potential. The aim of this article is to describe and compare the different challenges and future possibilities in six systems concerning how to keep a continuous balance in the future with significantly larger amounts of variable renewable power production. A realistic understanding of how these systems plan to handle continuous balancing is central to effectively develop a carbon-dioxide-free electricity system of the future. The systems included in the overview are the Nordic synchronous area, the island of Ireland, the Iberian Peninsula, Texas (ERCOT), the central European system, and Great Britain.",

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author = "Henrik Nordstr{\"o}m and Lennart S{\"o}der and Damian Flynn and Julia Matevosyan and Juha Kiviluoma and Hannele Holttinen and Vrana, {Til Kristian} and {van der Welle}, Adriaan and Germ{\'a}n Morales-Espa{\~n}a and Danny Pudjianto and Goran Strbac and Jan Dobschinski and Ana Estanqueiro and Hugo Algarvio and {Mart{\'i}n Mart{\'i}nez}, Sergio and {G{\'o}mez L{\'a}zaro}, Emilio and Hodge, {Bri Mathias}",

note = "Funding Information: The work by H.N. and L.S. was funded by the Swedish Energy Agency (Energimyndigheten), project “Efficient handling of power system balance in a future with close to 100% renewable power”, project number 51292-1. The work by D.F. was funded by Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI). The work by J.K. was funded by Horizon Europe Project Mopo (grant agreement N°101095998). The work by S.M.M. and E.G.L. was partially funded by the Council of Communities of Castilla–La Mancha (Junta de Comunidades de Castilla–La Mancha, JCCM) through Project SBPLY/19/180501/000287; by the State Research Agency (Agencia Estatal de Investigaci{\'o}n, AEI) and by the European Regional Development Fund (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER) through project PID2021-126082OB-C21.",

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Nordström, H, Söder, L, Flynn, D, Matevosyan, J, Kiviluoma, J, Holttinen, H, Vrana, TK, van der Welle, A, Morales-España, G, Pudjianto, D, Strbac, G, Dobschinski, J, Estanqueiro, A, Algarvio, H, Martín Martínez, S, Gómez Lázaro, E & Hodge, BM 2023, 'Strategies for Continuous Balancing in Future Power Systems with High Wind and Solar Shares', Energies, vol. 16, no. 14, 5249. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16145249

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AU - Holttinen, Hannele

AU - Vrana, Til Kristian

AU - van der Welle, Adriaan

AU - Morales-España, Germán

AU - Pudjianto, Danny

AU - Strbac, Goran

AU - Dobschinski, Jan

AU - Estanqueiro, Ana

AU - Algarvio, Hugo

AU - Martín Martínez, Sergio

AU - Gómez Lázaro, Emilio

AU - Hodge, Bri Mathias

N1 - Funding Information: The work by H.N. and L.S. was funded by the Swedish Energy Agency (Energimyndigheten), project “Efficient handling of power system balance in a future with close to 100% renewable power”, project number 51292-1. The work by D.F. was funded by Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI). The work by J.K. was funded by Horizon Europe Project Mopo (grant agreement N°101095998). The work by S.M.M. and E.G.L. was partially funded by the Council of Communities of Castilla–La Mancha (Junta de Comunidades de Castilla–La Mancha, JCCM) through Project SBPLY/19/180501/000287; by the State Research Agency (Agencia Estatal de Investigación, AEI) and by the European Regional Development Fund (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER) through project PID2021-126082OB-C21.

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N2 - The use of wind power has grown strongly in recent years and is expected to continue to increase in the coming decades. Solar power is also expected to increase significantly. In a power system, a continuous balance is maintained between total production and demand. This balancing is currently mainly managed with conventional power plants, but with larger amounts of wind and solar power, other sources will also be needed. Interesting possibilities include continuous control of wind and solar power, battery storage, electric vehicles, hydrogen production, and other demand resources with flexibility potential. The aim of this article is to describe and compare the different challenges and future possibilities in six systems concerning how to keep a continuous balance in the future with significantly larger amounts of variable renewable power production. A realistic understanding of how these systems plan to handle continuous balancing is central to effectively develop a carbon-dioxide-free electricity system of the future. The systems included in the overview are the Nordic synchronous area, the island of Ireland, the Iberian Peninsula, Texas (ERCOT), the central European system, and Great Britain.

AB - The use of wind power has grown strongly in recent years and is expected to continue to increase in the coming decades. Solar power is also expected to increase significantly. In a power system, a continuous balance is maintained between total production and demand. This balancing is currently mainly managed with conventional power plants, but with larger amounts of wind and solar power, other sources will also be needed. Interesting possibilities include continuous control of wind and solar power, battery storage, electric vehicles, hydrogen production, and other demand resources with flexibility potential. The aim of this article is to describe and compare the different challenges and future possibilities in six systems concerning how to keep a continuous balance in the future with significantly larger amounts of variable renewable power production. A realistic understanding of how these systems plan to handle continuous balancing is central to effectively develop a carbon-dioxide-free electricity system of the future. The systems included in the overview are the Nordic synchronous area, the island of Ireland, the Iberian Peninsula, Texas (ERCOT), the central European system, and Great Britain.

KW - balancing services

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KW - frequency control

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Strategies for Continuous Balancing in Future Power Systems with High Wind and Solar Shares

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

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MOPO: Comprehensive, fast, user-friendly and thoroughly validated open-source energy system planning framework

Cite this

Strategies for Continuous Balancing in Future Power Systems with High Wind and Solar Shares

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Projects

MOPO: Comprehensive, fast, user-friendly and thoroughly validated open-source energy system planning framework

Cite this