Projects per year
Abstract
To mitigate global warming, humankind has been forced to develop new efficient energy solutions based on renewable energy sources. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising technology that can efficiently produce bio-oil from several biomass sources. The HTL process uses sub- or supercritical water for producing bio-oil, water-soluble organics, gaseous products and char. Black liquor mainly contains cooking chemicals (mainly alkali salts) lignin and the hemicellulose parts of the wood chips used for cellulose digestion. This review explores the effects of different process parameters, solvents and catalysts for the HTL of black liquor or black liquor-derived lignin. Using short residence times under near- or supercritical water conditions may improve both the quality and the quantity of the bio-oil yield. The quality and yield of bio-oil can be further improved by using solvents (e.g., phenol) and catalysts (e.g., alkali salts, zirconia). However, the solubility of alkali salts present in black liquor can lead to clogging problem in the HTL reactor and process tubes when approaching supercritical water conditions.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 3309 |
Number of pages | 42 |
Journal | Energies |
Volume | 13 |
Issue number | 13 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 28 Jul 2020 |
MoE publication type | A2 Review article in a scientific journal |
Keywords
- Black liquor
- Hydrothermal liquefaction
- Lignin from black liquor
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Dive into the research topics of 'Sub- And supercritical water liquefaction of kraft lignin and black liquor derived lignin'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.Projects
- 1 Finished
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BL2F: Black Liquor to Fuel by Efficient HydroThermal Application integrated to Pulp Mill
Rautiainen, S. (Manager), Lehtonen, J. (Owner), Viertiö, T. (Participant), Reinikainen, M. (Participant) & Palo, J. (Participant)
1/04/20 → 30/09/23
Project: EU project