@book{a14c0dd5dd724accaae342aae7b704ca,
title = "Survey of methods for the study of the bentonite microstructure and its relevance to hydration",
abstract = "The report is the result of a limited literature survey that focuses on methods for investigating the microstructure of water-saturated bentonite. Knowledge of the microstructure is important in order to assess the bentonite's functioning as a barrier material in, for example, the planned Finnish repository for spent nuclear fuel. The following analytical methods were identified as suitable for the study of the bentonite microstructure: X-ray diffraction (XRD), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), electrical resistivity measurements, mercury intrusion porosity (MIP), scanning/transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), vibrational probe studies of water, surface area determination and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The authors subjective conclusion is that a combination of NMR, SAXS and surface area determination offers reasonably good possibilities to study the bentonite microstructure.",
keywords = "Clays, Bentonite, physical properties, structure, microstructure, porosity, surface area, X-ray analysis, electron microscopy, NMR spectroscopy",
author = "Torbj{\"o}rn Carlsson",
year = "2002",
language = "English",
isbn = "951-38-5946-0",
series = "VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes",
publisher = "VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland",
number = "2132",
address = "Finland",
}
