The two wide-angle imaging neutral-atom spectrometers (TWINS) NASA mission-of-opportunity

D.J. McComas; F. Allegrini; J. Baldonado; B. Blake; P.C. Brandt; J. Burch; J. Clemmons; W. Crain; D. Delapp; R. DeMajistre; D. Everett; H. Fahr; L. Friesen; H. Funsten; J. Goldstein; M. Gruntman; R. Harbaugh; R. Harper; H. Henkel; C. Holmlund; G. Lay; D. Mabry; D. Mitchell; U. Nass; C. Pollock; S. Pope; M. Reno; S. Ritzau; E. Roelof; E. Scime; M. Sivjee; R. Skoug; T.S. Sotirelis; M. Thomsen; C. Urdiales; P. Valek; Kai Viherkanto; S. Weidner; Tomi Ylikorpi; M. Young; J. Zoennchen

doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9467-4

The two wide-angle imaging neutral-atom spectrometers (TWINS) NASA mission-of-opportunity

D.J. McComas^*
, F. Allegrini
, J. Baldonado
, B. Blake
, P.C. Brandt
, J. Burch
, J. Clemmons
, W. Crain
, D. Delapp
, R. DeMajistre
, D. Everett
, H. Fahr
, L. Friesen
, H. Funsten
, J. Goldstein
, M. Gruntman
, R. Harbaugh
, R. Harper
, H. Henkel
, C. Holmlund

G. Lay, D. Mabry, D. Mitchell, U. Nass, C. Pollock, S. Pope, M. Reno, S. Ritzau, E. Roelof, E. Scime, M. Sivjee, R. Skoug, T.S. Sotirelis, M. Thomsen, C. Urdiales, P. Valek, Kai Viherkanto, S. Weidner, Tomi Ylikorpi, M. Young, J. Zoennchen

^*Corresponding author for this work

Southwest Research Institute (SWRI)
Los Alamos National Laboratory
The Aerospace Corporation
Johns Hopkins University
University of Bonn
University of Southern California
von Hoerner & Sulger GmbH
VTT (former employee or external)
Burle Electro-Optics, Inc.
West Virginia University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

150 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Two Wide-angle Imaging Neutral-atom Spectrometers (TWINS) is a NASA Explorer Mission-of-Opportunity to stereoscopically image the Earth’s magnetosphere for the first time. TWINS extends our understanding of magnetospheric structure and processes by providing simultaneous Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) imaging from two widely separated locations. TWINS observes ENAs from 1–100 keV with high angular (∼4°×4°) and time (∼1-minute) resolution. The TWINS Ly-α monitor measures the geocoronal hydrogen density to aid in ENA analysis while environmental sensors provide contemporaneous measurements of the local charged particle environments. By imaging ENAs with identical instruments from two widely spaced, high-altitude, high-inclination spacecraft, TWINS enables three-dimensional visualization of the large-scale structures and dynamics within the magnetosphere for the first time. This “instrument paper” documents the TWINS design, construction, calibration, and initial results. Finally, the appendix of this paper describes and documents the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) instrument calibration facility; this facility was used for all TWINS instrument-level calibrations.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	157-231
Journal	Space Science Reviews
Volume	142
Issue number	1-4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-008-9467-4
Publication status	Published - 2009
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Keywords

ENA
ENA instrumentation
Energetic neutral atom imaging
Geocorona
Magnetosphere
Space plasma calibration facility

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10.1007/s11214-008-9467-4

Cite this

McComas, D. J., Allegrini, F., Baldonado, J., Blake, B., Brandt, P. C., Burch, J., Clemmons, J., Crain, W., Delapp, D., DeMajistre, R., Everett, D., Fahr, H., Friesen, L., Funsten, H., Goldstein, J., Gruntman, M., Harbaugh, R., Harper, R., Henkel, H., ... Zoennchen, J. (2009). The two wide-angle imaging neutral-atom spectrometers (TWINS) NASA mission-of-opportunity. Space Science Reviews, 142(1-4), 157-231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-008-9467-4

@article{b2281edc312741018922affb8fd88b56,

title = "The two wide-angle imaging neutral-atom spectrometers (TWINS) NASA mission-of-opportunity",

abstract = "Two Wide-angle Imaging Neutral-atom Spectrometers (TWINS) is a NASA Explorer Mission-of-Opportunity to stereoscopically image the Earth{\textquoteright}s magnetosphere for the first time. TWINS extends our understanding of magnetospheric structure and processes by providing simultaneous Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) imaging from two widely separated locations. TWINS observes ENAs from 1–100 keV with high angular (∼4°×4°) and time (∼1-minute) resolution. The TWINS Ly-α monitor measures the geocoronal hydrogen density to aid in ENA analysis while environmental sensors provide contemporaneous measurements of the local charged particle environments. By imaging ENAs with identical instruments from two widely spaced, high-altitude, high-inclination spacecraft, TWINS enables three-dimensional visualization of the large-scale structures and dynamics within the magnetosphere for the first time. This “instrument paper” documents the TWINS design, construction, calibration, and initial results. Finally, the appendix of this paper describes and documents the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) instrument calibration facility; this facility was used for all TWINS instrument-level calibrations.",

keywords = "ENA, ENA instrumentation, Energetic neutral atom imaging, Geocorona, Magnetosphere, Space plasma calibration facility",

author = "D.J. McComas and F. Allegrini and J. Baldonado and B. Blake and P.C. Brandt and J. Burch and J. Clemmons and W. Crain and D. Delapp and R. DeMajistre and D. Everett and H. Fahr and L. Friesen and H. Funsten and J. Goldstein and M. Gruntman and R. Harbaugh and R. Harper and H. Henkel and C. Holmlund and G. Lay and D. Mabry and D. Mitchell and U. Nass and C. Pollock and S. Pope and M. Reno and S. Ritzau and E. Roelof and E. Scime and M. Sivjee and R. Skoug and T.S. Sotirelis and M. Thomsen and C. Urdiales and P. Valek and Kai Viherkanto and S. Weidner and Tomi Ylikorpi and M. Young and J. Zoennchen",

year = "2009",

doi = "10.1007/s11214-008-9467-4",

language = "English",

volume = "142",

pages = "157--231",

journal = "Space Science Reviews",

issn = "0038-6308",

publisher = "Springer Nature",

number = "1-4",

}

McComas, DJ, Allegrini, F, Baldonado, J, Blake, B, Brandt, PC, Burch, J, Clemmons, J, Crain, W, Delapp, D, DeMajistre, R, Everett, D, Fahr, H, Friesen, L, Funsten, H, Goldstein, J, Gruntman, M, Harbaugh, R, Harper, R, Henkel, H, Holmlund, C, Lay, G, Mabry, D, Mitchell, D, Nass, U, Pollock, C, Pope, S, Reno, M, Ritzau, S, Roelof, E, Scime, E, Sivjee, M, Skoug, R, Sotirelis, TS, Thomsen, M, Urdiales, C, Valek, P, Viherkanto, K, Weidner, S, Ylikorpi, T, Young, M & Zoennchen, J 2009, 'The two wide-angle imaging neutral-atom spectrometers (TWINS) NASA mission-of-opportunity', Space Science Reviews, vol. 142, no. 1-4, pp. 157-231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-008-9467-4

TY - JOUR

T1 - The two wide-angle imaging neutral-atom spectrometers (TWINS) NASA mission-of-opportunity

AU - McComas, D.J.

AU - Allegrini, F.

AU - Baldonado, J.

AU - Blake, B.

AU - Brandt, P.C.

AU - Burch, J.

AU - Clemmons, J.

AU - Crain, W.

AU - Delapp, D.

AU - DeMajistre, R.

AU - Everett, D.

AU - Fahr, H.

AU - Friesen, L.

AU - Funsten, H.

AU - Goldstein, J.

AU - Gruntman, M.

AU - Harbaugh, R.

AU - Harper, R.

AU - Henkel, H.

AU - Holmlund, C.

AU - Lay, G.

AU - Mabry, D.

AU - Mitchell, D.

AU - Nass, U.

AU - Pollock, C.

AU - Pope, S.

AU - Reno, M.

AU - Ritzau, S.

AU - Roelof, E.

AU - Scime, E.

AU - Sivjee, M.

AU - Skoug, R.

AU - Sotirelis, T.S.

AU - Thomsen, M.

AU - Urdiales, C.

AU - Valek, P.

AU - Viherkanto, Kai

AU - Weidner, S.

AU - Ylikorpi, Tomi

AU - Young, M.

AU - Zoennchen, J.

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - Two Wide-angle Imaging Neutral-atom Spectrometers (TWINS) is a NASA Explorer Mission-of-Opportunity to stereoscopically image the Earth’s magnetosphere for the first time. TWINS extends our understanding of magnetospheric structure and processes by providing simultaneous Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) imaging from two widely separated locations. TWINS observes ENAs from 1–100 keV with high angular (∼4°×4°) and time (∼1-minute) resolution. The TWINS Ly-α monitor measures the geocoronal hydrogen density to aid in ENA analysis while environmental sensors provide contemporaneous measurements of the local charged particle environments. By imaging ENAs with identical instruments from two widely spaced, high-altitude, high-inclination spacecraft, TWINS enables three-dimensional visualization of the large-scale structures and dynamics within the magnetosphere for the first time. This “instrument paper” documents the TWINS design, construction, calibration, and initial results. Finally, the appendix of this paper describes and documents the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) instrument calibration facility; this facility was used for all TWINS instrument-level calibrations.

AB - Two Wide-angle Imaging Neutral-atom Spectrometers (TWINS) is a NASA Explorer Mission-of-Opportunity to stereoscopically image the Earth’s magnetosphere for the first time. TWINS extends our understanding of magnetospheric structure and processes by providing simultaneous Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) imaging from two widely separated locations. TWINS observes ENAs from 1–100 keV with high angular (∼4°×4°) and time (∼1-minute) resolution. The TWINS Ly-α monitor measures the geocoronal hydrogen density to aid in ENA analysis while environmental sensors provide contemporaneous measurements of the local charged particle environments. By imaging ENAs with identical instruments from two widely spaced, high-altitude, high-inclination spacecraft, TWINS enables three-dimensional visualization of the large-scale structures and dynamics within the magnetosphere for the first time. This “instrument paper” documents the TWINS design, construction, calibration, and initial results. Finally, the appendix of this paper describes and documents the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) instrument calibration facility; this facility was used for all TWINS instrument-level calibrations.

KW - ENA

KW - ENA instrumentation

KW - Energetic neutral atom imaging

KW - Geocorona

KW - Magnetosphere

KW - Space plasma calibration facility

U2 - 10.1007/s11214-008-9467-4

DO - 10.1007/s11214-008-9467-4

M3 - Article

SN - 0038-6308

VL - 142

SP - 157

EP - 231

JO - Space Science Reviews

JF - Space Science Reviews

IS - 1-4

ER -

The two wide-angle imaging neutral-atom spectrometers (TWINS) NASA mission-of-opportunity

Abstract

Keywords

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