Thermal behaviour of ladle slag mortars containing ferrochrome slag aggregates

Elijah Adesanya; Marjaana Karhu; Arnold Ismailov; Katja Ohenoja; Päivö Kinnunen; Mirja Illikainen

doi:10.1680/jadcr.19.00040

Thermal behaviour of ladle slag mortars containing ferrochrome slag aggregates

Elijah Adesanya
, Marjaana Karhu
, Arnold Ismailov
, Katja Ohenoja
, Päivö Kinnunen
, Mirja Illikainen^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

BA5501 Industrial circular economy

University of Oulu
Tampere University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

17 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Concretes, depending on their application, may be exposed to elevated temperatures during their lifetime, especially when placed near or in a furnace or during an accidental fire. The thermal stability of alkali-activated mortars and hydrated mortars prepared using ladle slag and two different aggregates was studied. A commercial calcium aluminate cement was used as a comparison for the properties after exposure to temperatures up to 1000°C. All samples were characterised and analysed through a strength test, dilatometric analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, ultrasonic pulse velocity and scanning electron microscopy. The hydrated ladle slag mortars exhibited properties similar to or better than the commercial calcium aluminate cement, while the alkali-activated ladle slag’s thermal properties were inferior to the hydrated ladle slag mortars. The tests also showed that the use of ferrochrome slag aggregates in hydrated ladle slag mortars exhibited similar properties to those using sand aggregate mortars. The damage behaviours of the mortars were dependent on the temperature-induced dehydration, dehydroxylation and thermal incompatibility between the paste and aggregates. The results from this study specify the possibilities of using 100% industrial by-product-based mortar and near-zero carbon dioxide emissions as a fire-resistant material in furnaces, buildings and fireplaces.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	168-182
Journal	Advances in Cement Research
Volume	33
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1680/jadcr.19.00040
Publication status	Published - 23 Apr 2021
MoE publication type	A1 Journal article-refereed

Funding

This research was funded by the European Regional Development Fund (A70189) under the auspices of the MINSI project and the following companies: SSAB Europe Oy, Ekokem Oy, Stora Enso Oy, Pohjolan Voima Oy and Oulun Energia Oy. The authors would like to thank CALTRA Netherland BV for providing the cement, Niko Hyttinen and Jouko Mäki from Outokumpu Chrome Oy for providing the ferrochrome slag, and Simo Isokääntä from SSAB for the LS used in this study. The authors would also like to thank Jarno Karvonen, Jani Österlund and Johannes Kaarre for their contribution to the laboratory work.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production
SDG 13 Climate Action

Keywords

Alkali-activated cements
High-alumina cement
Thermal behaviour

Access to Document

10.1680/jadcr.19.00040

Cite this

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title = "Thermal behaviour of ladle slag mortars containing ferrochrome slag aggregates",

abstract = "Concretes, depending on their application, may be exposed to elevated temperatures during their lifetime, especially when placed near or in a furnace or during an accidental fire. The thermal stability of alkali-activated mortars and hydrated mortars prepared using ladle slag and two different aggregates was studied. A commercial calcium aluminate cement was used as a comparison for the properties after exposure to temperatures up to 1000°C. All samples were characterised and analysed through a strength test, dilatometric analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, ultrasonic pulse velocity and scanning electron microscopy. The hydrated ladle slag mortars exhibited properties similar to or better than the commercial calcium aluminate cement, while the alkali-activated ladle slag{\textquoteright}s thermal properties were inferior to the hydrated ladle slag mortars. The tests also showed that the use of ferrochrome slag aggregates in hydrated ladle slag mortars exhibited similar properties to those using sand aggregate mortars. The damage behaviours of the mortars were dependent on the temperature-induced dehydration, dehydroxylation and thermal incompatibility between the paste and aggregates. The results from this study specify the possibilities of using 100\% industrial by-product-based mortar and near-zero carbon dioxide emissions as a fire-resistant material in furnaces, buildings and fireplaces.",

keywords = "Alkali-activated cements, High-alumina cement, Thermal behaviour",

author = "Elijah Adesanya and Marjaana Karhu and Arnold Ismailov and Katja Ohenoja and P{\"a}iv{\"o} Kinnunen and Mirja Illikainen",

note = "Funding Information: This research was funded by the European Regional Development Fund (A70189) under the auspices of the MINSI project and the following companies: SSAB Europe Oy, Ekokem Oy, Stora Enso Oy, Pohjolan Voima Oy and Oulun Energia Oy. The authors would like to thank CALTRA Netherland BV for providing the cement, Niko Hyttinen and Jouko M{\"a}ki from Outokumpu Chrome Oy for providing the ferrochrome slag, and Simo Isok{\"a}{\"a}nt{\"a} from SSAB for the LS used in this study. The authors would also like to thank Jarno Karvonen, Jani {\"O}sterlund and Johannes Kaarre for their contribution to the laboratory work. ",

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doi = "10.1680/jadcr.19.00040",

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AU - Adesanya, Elijah

AU - Karhu, Marjaana

AU - Ismailov, Arnold

AU - Ohenoja, Katja

AU - Kinnunen, Päivö

AU - Illikainen, Mirja

N1 - Funding Information: This research was funded by the European Regional Development Fund (A70189) under the auspices of the MINSI project and the following companies: SSAB Europe Oy, Ekokem Oy, Stora Enso Oy, Pohjolan Voima Oy and Oulun Energia Oy. The authors would like to thank CALTRA Netherland BV for providing the cement, Niko Hyttinen and Jouko Mäki from Outokumpu Chrome Oy for providing the ferrochrome slag, and Simo Isokääntä from SSAB for the LS used in this study. The authors would also like to thank Jarno Karvonen, Jani Österlund and Johannes Kaarre for their contribution to the laboratory work.

PY - 2021/4/23

Y1 - 2021/4/23

N2 - Concretes, depending on their application, may be exposed to elevated temperatures during their lifetime, especially when placed near or in a furnace or during an accidental fire. The thermal stability of alkali-activated mortars and hydrated mortars prepared using ladle slag and two different aggregates was studied. A commercial calcium aluminate cement was used as a comparison for the properties after exposure to temperatures up to 1000°C. All samples were characterised and analysed through a strength test, dilatometric analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, ultrasonic pulse velocity and scanning electron microscopy. The hydrated ladle slag mortars exhibited properties similar to or better than the commercial calcium aluminate cement, while the alkali-activated ladle slag’s thermal properties were inferior to the hydrated ladle slag mortars. The tests also showed that the use of ferrochrome slag aggregates in hydrated ladle slag mortars exhibited similar properties to those using sand aggregate mortars. The damage behaviours of the mortars were dependent on the temperature-induced dehydration, dehydroxylation and thermal incompatibility between the paste and aggregates. The results from this study specify the possibilities of using 100% industrial by-product-based mortar and near-zero carbon dioxide emissions as a fire-resistant material in furnaces, buildings and fireplaces.

AB - Concretes, depending on their application, may be exposed to elevated temperatures during their lifetime, especially when placed near or in a furnace or during an accidental fire. The thermal stability of alkali-activated mortars and hydrated mortars prepared using ladle slag and two different aggregates was studied. A commercial calcium aluminate cement was used as a comparison for the properties after exposure to temperatures up to 1000°C. All samples were characterised and analysed through a strength test, dilatometric analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, ultrasonic pulse velocity and scanning electron microscopy. The hydrated ladle slag mortars exhibited properties similar to or better than the commercial calcium aluminate cement, while the alkali-activated ladle slag’s thermal properties were inferior to the hydrated ladle slag mortars. The tests also showed that the use of ferrochrome slag aggregates in hydrated ladle slag mortars exhibited similar properties to those using sand aggregate mortars. The damage behaviours of the mortars were dependent on the temperature-induced dehydration, dehydroxylation and thermal incompatibility between the paste and aggregates. The results from this study specify the possibilities of using 100% industrial by-product-based mortar and near-zero carbon dioxide emissions as a fire-resistant material in furnaces, buildings and fireplaces.

KW - Alkali-activated cements

KW - High-alumina cement

KW - Thermal behaviour

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85105188202

U2 - 10.1680/jadcr.19.00040

DO - 10.1680/jadcr.19.00040

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85105188202

SN - 0951-7197

VL - 33

SP - 168

EP - 182

JO - Advances in Cement Research

JF - Advances in Cement Research

IS - 4

ER -

Thermal behaviour of ladle slag mortars containing ferrochrome slag aggregates

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

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