TY - JOUR
T1 - Time-resolved characterization of primary particle emissions and secondary particle formation from a modern gasoline passenger car
AU - Karjalainen, Panu
AU - Timonen, Hilkka
AU - Saukko, Erkka
AU - Kuuluvainen, Heino
AU - Saarikoski, Sanna
AU - Aakko-Saksa, Päivi
AU - Murtonen, Timo
AU - Bloss, Matthew
AU - Dal Maso, Miikka
AU - Simonen, Pauli
AU - Ahlberg, Erik
AU - Svenningsson, Birgitta
AU - Brune, William Henry
AU - Hillamo, Risto
AU - Keskinen, Jorma
AU - Rönkkö, Topi
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Changes in vehicle emission reduction technologies
significantly affect traffic-related emissions in urban
areas. In many densely populated areas the amount of
traffic is increasing, keeping the emission level high or
even increasing. To understand the health effects of
traffic-related emissions, both primary (direct)
particulate emission and secondary particle formation
(from gaseous precursors in the exhaust emissions) need
to be characterized. In this study, we used a
comprehensive set of measurements to characterize both
primary and secondary particulate emissions of a Euro 5
level gasoline passenger car. Our aerosol particle study
covers the whole process chain in emission formation,
from the tailpipe to the atmosphere, and also takes into
account differences in driving patterns. We observed
that, in mass terms, the amount of secondary particles
was 13 times higher than the amount of primary particles.
The formation, composition, number and mass of secondary
particles was significantly affected by driving patterns
and engine conditions. The highest gaseous and
particulate emissions were observed at the beginning of
the test cycle when the performance of the engine and the
catalyst was below optimal. The key parameter for
secondary particle formation was the amount of gaseous
hydrocarbons in primary emissions; however, also the
primary particle population had an influence.
AB - Changes in vehicle emission reduction technologies
significantly affect traffic-related emissions in urban
areas. In many densely populated areas the amount of
traffic is increasing, keeping the emission level high or
even increasing. To understand the health effects of
traffic-related emissions, both primary (direct)
particulate emission and secondary particle formation
(from gaseous precursors in the exhaust emissions) need
to be characterized. In this study, we used a
comprehensive set of measurements to characterize both
primary and secondary particulate emissions of a Euro 5
level gasoline passenger car. Our aerosol particle study
covers the whole process chain in emission formation,
from the tailpipe to the atmosphere, and also takes into
account differences in driving patterns. We observed
that, in mass terms, the amount of secondary particles
was 13 times higher than the amount of primary particles.
The formation, composition, number and mass of secondary
particles was significantly affected by driving patterns
and engine conditions. The highest gaseous and
particulate emissions were observed at the beginning of
the test cycle when the performance of the engine and the
catalyst was below optimal. The key parameter for
secondary particle formation was the amount of gaseous
hydrocarbons in primary emissions; however, also the
primary particle population had an influence.
U2 - 10.5194/acp-16-8559-2016
DO - 10.5194/acp-16-8559-2016
M3 - Article
VL - 16
SP - 8559
EP - 8570
JO - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
SN - 1680-7316
IS - 13
ER -