Toxic elements in biomass and waste fuels and their removal from the flue gases of fluidised bed boilers

Martti Aho; R. Eteläaho; B. Miller; D. Dugwell; R. Kandiyoti; B. Coda; R. Berger; K. Hein

Toxic elements in biomass and waste fuels and their removal from the flue gases of fluidised bed boilers

Martti Aho, R. Eteläaho, B. Miller, D. Dugwell, R. Kandiyoti, B. Coda, R. Berger, K. Hein

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific

Abstract

Hvb coal and fir bark, were combusted with Cl-rich waste fuels (plastic waste and paper sludge) under bubbling bed (BFB) combustion conditions. Vaporisation and distribution to ash streams were studied for those elements included in the EU's co-incineration directive (Hg, Cd, Pb, Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Co, Sb, As, V). Increase of Cl-concentration in the feedstock was observed to enhance the transfer of many toxic elements to finest fly ash, probably due to the formation of volatile chlorides in the FB furnace. The surface area to weight ratio of fly ash increases with decreasing particle size, causing increased condensation of volatilised trace elements onto the finest size fraction. Elements bound to ultra-fine fly as can pass through conventional gas cleaning devices along with genuinely gaseous species. As a result, the measured loss of toxic elements from the combustors studied was higher than predicted by the thermodynamic calculations.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	EUBCE Conference Proceedings 2002
Publisher	ETA-Florence Renewable Energies
Number of pages	5
Publication status	Published - 2002
MoE publication type	B3 Non-refereed article in conference proceedings
Event	12th European Conference and Exhibition on Biomass for Energy, Industry and Climate Protection - Amsterdam, Netherlands Duration: 17 Jun 2002 → 21 Jun 2002 Conference number: 12

Conference

Conference	12th European Conference and Exhibition on Biomass for Energy, Industry and Climate Protection
Country	Netherlands
City	Amsterdam
Period	17/06/02 → 21/06/02

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@inproceedings{efdb124283cd4383b4a92dfe6ab4480e,

title = "Toxic elements in biomass and waste fuels and their removal from the flue gases of fluidised bed boilers",

abstract = "Hvb coal and fir bark, were combusted with Cl-rich waste fuels (plastic waste and paper sludge) under bubbling bed (BFB) combustion conditions. Vaporisation and distribution to ash streams were studied for those elements included in the EU's co-incineration directive (Hg, Cd, Pb, Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Co, Sb, As, V). Increase of Cl-concentration in the feedstock was observed to enhance the transfer of many toxic elements to finest fly ash, probably due to the formation of volatile chlorides in the FB furnace. The surface area to weight ratio of fly ash increases with decreasing particle size, causing increased condensation of volatilised trace elements onto the finest size fraction. Elements bound to ultra-fine fly as can pass through conventional gas cleaning devices along with genuinely gaseous species. As a result, the measured loss of toxic elements from the combustors studied was higher than predicted by the thermodynamic calculations.",

author = "Martti Aho and R. Etel{\"a}aho and B. Miller and D. Dugwell and R. Kandiyoti and B. Coda and R. Berger and K. Hein",

year = "2002",

language = "English",

booktitle = "EUBCE Conference Proceedings 2002",

publisher = "ETA-Florence Renewable Energies",

address = "Italy",

note = "12th European Conference and Exhibition on Biomass for Energy, Industry and Climate Protection ; Conference date: 17-06-2002 Through 21-06-2002",

}

Aho, M, Eteläaho, R, Miller, B, Dugwell, D, Kandiyoti, R, Coda, B, Berger, R & Hein, K 2002, Toxic elements in biomass and waste fuels and their removal from the flue gases of fluidised bed boilers. in EUBCE Conference Proceedings 2002. ETA-Florence Renewable Energies, 12th European Conference and Exhibition on Biomass for Energy, Industry and Climate Protection, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 17/06/02.

Toxic elements in biomass and waste fuels and their removal from the flue gases of fluidised bed boilers. / Aho, Martti; Eteläaho, R.; Miller, B.; Dugwell, D.; Kandiyoti, R.; Coda, B.; Berger, R.; Hein, K.

EUBCE Conference Proceedings 2002. ETA-Florence Renewable Energies, 2002.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference article in proceedings › Scientific

TY - GEN

T1 - Toxic elements in biomass and waste fuels and their removal from the flue gases of fluidised bed boilers

AU - Aho, Martti

AU - Eteläaho, R.

AU - Miller, B.

AU - Dugwell, D.

AU - Kandiyoti, R.

AU - Coda, B.

AU - Berger, R.

AU - Hein, K.

N1 - Conference code: 12

PY - 2002

Y1 - 2002

N2 - Hvb coal and fir bark, were combusted with Cl-rich waste fuels (plastic waste and paper sludge) under bubbling bed (BFB) combustion conditions. Vaporisation and distribution to ash streams were studied for those elements included in the EU's co-incineration directive (Hg, Cd, Pb, Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Co, Sb, As, V). Increase of Cl-concentration in the feedstock was observed to enhance the transfer of many toxic elements to finest fly ash, probably due to the formation of volatile chlorides in the FB furnace. The surface area to weight ratio of fly ash increases with decreasing particle size, causing increased condensation of volatilised trace elements onto the finest size fraction. Elements bound to ultra-fine fly as can pass through conventional gas cleaning devices along with genuinely gaseous species. As a result, the measured loss of toxic elements from the combustors studied was higher than predicted by the thermodynamic calculations.

AB - Hvb coal and fir bark, were combusted with Cl-rich waste fuels (plastic waste and paper sludge) under bubbling bed (BFB) combustion conditions. Vaporisation and distribution to ash streams were studied for those elements included in the EU's co-incineration directive (Hg, Cd, Pb, Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Co, Sb, As, V). Increase of Cl-concentration in the feedstock was observed to enhance the transfer of many toxic elements to finest fly ash, probably due to the formation of volatile chlorides in the FB furnace. The surface area to weight ratio of fly ash increases with decreasing particle size, causing increased condensation of volatilised trace elements onto the finest size fraction. Elements bound to ultra-fine fly as can pass through conventional gas cleaning devices along with genuinely gaseous species. As a result, the measured loss of toxic elements from the combustors studied was higher than predicted by the thermodynamic calculations.

M3 - Conference article in proceedings

BT - EUBCE Conference Proceedings 2002

PB - ETA-Florence Renewable Energies

T2 - 12th European Conference and Exhibition on Biomass for Energy, Industry and Climate Protection

Y2 - 17 June 2002 through 21 June 2002

ER -