Abstract
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Handbook of Green Materials |
| Subtitle of host publication | Processing Technologies, Properties and Applications, Vol 1. Bionanomaterials: separation processes, characterization and properties |
| Publisher | World Scientific Publishing |
| Chapter | 12 |
| Pages | 181-205 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 978-981-4566-47-6 |
| ISBN (Print) | 978-981-4566-45-2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2014 |
| MoE publication type | D2 Article in professional manuals or guides or professional information systems or text book material |
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Keywords
- nanocellulose
- fibrillated cellulose
- toxicity
- cytotoxicity
- genotoxicity
- nano-sized cellulose fibrils
- nano-sized starches
- nano-structured chitins
- safety
- cellulose nanofibrils
Cite this
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Toxicity and Health Issues. / Pitkänen, Marja; Kangas, Heli; Vartiainen, Jari.
Handbook of Green Materials: Processing Technologies, Properties and Applications, Vol 1. Bionanomaterials: separation processes, characterization and properties. World Scientific Publishing, 2014. p. 181-205.Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter or book article › Professional
TY - CHAP
T1 - Toxicity and Health Issues
AU - Pitkänen, Marja
AU - Kangas, Heli
AU - Vartiainen, Jari
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Nanocelluloses, nano-sized starches and nano-structured chitins are among the most abundant renewable bio based nanomaterials. Due to their unique, nano-specific properties, they are promising materials for improving the performance of many future products. However, at the moment it is not well known how the nano-specific properties affect the safety of the bio based nanomaterials, which depends on many, still poorly understood factors that may affect the interactions of micro- and nanomaterials with cells and living organisms, as well as on the exposure route of bio based nanomaterials. Generally, bio based nanomaterials are considered as safe, due to their natural origin and the benign nature of their bulk forms. Results published so far on the safety of bio based nanomaterials have shown that materials are not generally toxic to humans or to the environment. However, they are not inert either and may have interactions with their surrounding environment. In addition, due to the great variation in the properties of bio based nanomaterials, the toxicity test results obtained are valid only for the samples tested. More research and knowledge of nanomaterials interactions with living organisms is needed before results from toxicity testing can be generalised, and currently, the safety of bio based nanomaterials must be assessed case by case.
AB - Nanocelluloses, nano-sized starches and nano-structured chitins are among the most abundant renewable bio based nanomaterials. Due to their unique, nano-specific properties, they are promising materials for improving the performance of many future products. However, at the moment it is not well known how the nano-specific properties affect the safety of the bio based nanomaterials, which depends on many, still poorly understood factors that may affect the interactions of micro- and nanomaterials with cells and living organisms, as well as on the exposure route of bio based nanomaterials. Generally, bio based nanomaterials are considered as safe, due to their natural origin and the benign nature of their bulk forms. Results published so far on the safety of bio based nanomaterials have shown that materials are not generally toxic to humans or to the environment. However, they are not inert either and may have interactions with their surrounding environment. In addition, due to the great variation in the properties of bio based nanomaterials, the toxicity test results obtained are valid only for the samples tested. More research and knowledge of nanomaterials interactions with living organisms is needed before results from toxicity testing can be generalised, and currently, the safety of bio based nanomaterials must be assessed case by case.
KW - nanocellulose
KW - fibrillated cellulose
KW - toxicity
KW - cytotoxicity
KW - genotoxicity
KW - nano-sized cellulose fibrils
KW - nano-sized starches
KW - nano-structured chitins
KW - safety
KW - cellulose nanofibrils
U2 - 10.1142/9789814566469_0012
DO - 10.1142/9789814566469_0012
M3 - Chapter or book article
SN - 978-981-4566-45-2
SP - 181
EP - 205
BT - Handbook of Green Materials
PB - World Scientific Publishing
ER -