Abstract
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 170-176 |
| Journal | Vibrational Spectroscopy |
| Volume | 68 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2013 |
| MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
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Keywords
- photoacoustic spectroscopy
- cantilever microphone
- optical parametric oscillator
- benzene
- toluene
- xylenes
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Trace gas detection of benzene, toluene, p-, m- and o-xylene with a compact measurement system using cantilever enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy and optical parametric oscillator. / Hirschmann, Christian B. (Corresponding Author); Sinisalo, Sauli; Uotila, Juho; Ojala, Satu; Keiski, Riitta L.
In: Vibrational Spectroscopy, Vol. 68, 2013, p. 170-176.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Trace gas detection of benzene, toluene, p-, m- and o-xylene with a compact measurement system using cantilever enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy and optical parametric oscillator
AU - Hirschmann, Christian B.
AU - Sinisalo, Sauli
AU - Uotila, Juho
AU - Ojala, Satu
AU - Keiski, Riitta L.
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - A compact measurement system based on a novel combination of cantilever enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (CEPAS) and optical parametric oscillator (OPO) was applied to the gas phase measurement of benzene, toluene, and o-, m- and p-xylene (BTX) traces. The OPO had a band width (FWHM) of 1.3 nm, was tuned from 3237 to 3296 nm in steps of 0.1 nm and so spectra of BTX at different concentrations were recorded. The power emitted by the OPO increased from 88 mW at 3237 nm to 103 mW at 3296 nm. The univariate detection limits (3σ, 0.951 s) for benzene, toluene, p-, m- and o-xylene at 3288 nm were 12.0, 9.8, 13.2, 10.1 and 16.0 ppb, respectively. Multivariate data analysis using science-based calibration was used to resolve the interference of the analytes. The multivariate detection limits (3σ, 3237–3296 nm, 591 spectral points each 0.951 s) for benzene, toluene, p-, m- and o-xylene in the multi-compound sample, where all other analytes and water interfere were 4.3, 7.4, 11.0, 12.5 and 6.2 ppb, respectively. Without interferents, the multivariate detection limits varied between 0.5 and 0.6 ppb. The sum of the cross-selectivities (3237–3296 nm, 591 spectral points, each 0.951 s) per analyte were below 0.05 ppb/ppb, with an average of 0.038 ppb/ppb. The cross-selectivity of water to the analytes was on average 1.22 × 10−4 ppb/ppb. The OPO is small in size (L × W × H 125 × 70 × 45 mm), commercially available, and easy to operate and integrate to setups. The combination with sensitive CEPAS enables compact measurement systems for industrial as well as environmental trace gas monitoring.
AB - A compact measurement system based on a novel combination of cantilever enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (CEPAS) and optical parametric oscillator (OPO) was applied to the gas phase measurement of benzene, toluene, and o-, m- and p-xylene (BTX) traces. The OPO had a band width (FWHM) of 1.3 nm, was tuned from 3237 to 3296 nm in steps of 0.1 nm and so spectra of BTX at different concentrations were recorded. The power emitted by the OPO increased from 88 mW at 3237 nm to 103 mW at 3296 nm. The univariate detection limits (3σ, 0.951 s) for benzene, toluene, p-, m- and o-xylene at 3288 nm were 12.0, 9.8, 13.2, 10.1 and 16.0 ppb, respectively. Multivariate data analysis using science-based calibration was used to resolve the interference of the analytes. The multivariate detection limits (3σ, 3237–3296 nm, 591 spectral points each 0.951 s) for benzene, toluene, p-, m- and o-xylene in the multi-compound sample, where all other analytes and water interfere were 4.3, 7.4, 11.0, 12.5 and 6.2 ppb, respectively. Without interferents, the multivariate detection limits varied between 0.5 and 0.6 ppb. The sum of the cross-selectivities (3237–3296 nm, 591 spectral points, each 0.951 s) per analyte were below 0.05 ppb/ppb, with an average of 0.038 ppb/ppb. The cross-selectivity of water to the analytes was on average 1.22 × 10−4 ppb/ppb. The OPO is small in size (L × W × H 125 × 70 × 45 mm), commercially available, and easy to operate and integrate to setups. The combination with sensitive CEPAS enables compact measurement systems for industrial as well as environmental trace gas monitoring.
KW - photoacoustic spectroscopy
KW - cantilever microphone
KW - optical parametric oscillator
KW - benzene
KW - toluene
KW - xylenes
U2 - 10.1016/j.vibspec.2013.07.004
DO - 10.1016/j.vibspec.2013.07.004
M3 - Article
VL - 68
SP - 170
EP - 176
JO - Vibrational Spectroscopy
JF - Vibrational Spectroscopy
SN - 0924-2031
ER -