Transition towards urban sustainability – case of critical raw materials

This study explores urban sustainability transitions with a focus on circular cities and critical raw materials. It highlights multilevel collaborative innovation among various stakeholders to achieve circularity and sustainability. The research identifies key actors such as city procurement organizations, CE development organizations, waste management organizations, and business development organizations, detailing their resources, activities, and value contributions. The findings emphasize the importance of urban-rural symbiosis, comprehensive city strategies, and longitudinal research for effective governance and systemic transformation. Practical implications suggest that professionals, regulators, companies, and cities can benefit from understanding and supporting sustainability transitions.