Abstract
The submicron mass mode below 0.3 μm made up 2.2–5.0% of the fly ash, while the share of the supermicron mass fraction was 93.6–97.2%. Elements depleted in the ultra fine ash were Ca, Si, Al, Mg, Fe, Mn, P and Ti. The bench-scale test showed that the ultrafine particle concentration was increased by a higher bed temperature and decreased due to sludge moisture. As, Cd, Pb and Rb were enriched in the ultrafine ash on a bench scale, while Ba, Co, Sr and V were depleted.
Cu and Zn were enriched in the ultrafine ash during the combustion of dried sludge, but not when wet sludge was fired. Micron-size ash particles composed of non-volatile species, Ca, Si, Mg, Al, P and Mn, adhered to the bed sand, presumably by surface forces, and sintering densified the ash layer.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 433-455 |
| Journal | Combustion Science and Technology |
| Volume | 134 |
| Issue number | 1-6 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1998 |
| MoE publication type | A1 Journal article-refereed |
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Keywords
- fluidized beds
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Ultrafine ash particle formation during waste sludge incineration in fluidized bed reactors. / Latva-Somppi, Jouko; Kauppinen, Esko; Kurkela, Juha; Tapper, Unto; Öhman, Marcus; Nordin, Anders; Johanson, Bo.
In: Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 134, No. 1-6, 1998, p. 433-455.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Ultrafine ash particle formation during waste sludge incineration in fluidized bed reactors
AU - Latva-Somppi, Jouko
AU - Kauppinen, Esko
AU - Kurkela, Juha
AU - Tapper, Unto
AU - Öhman, Marcus
AU - Nordin, Anders
AU - Johanson, Bo
PY - 1998
Y1 - 1998
N2 - Ash formation during the bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) combustion of bark and pulp mill sludge has been studied on an industrial and bench scale. During co-firing in an industrial BFB a submicron fly ash mode was formed via condensation of volatilized K, Na, Sand Cl species at 0.05–0.3 μm. The submicron mass mode below 0.3 μm made up 2.2–5.0% of the fly ash, while the share of the supermicron mass fraction was 93.6–97.2%. Elements depleted in the ultra fine ash were Ca, Si, Al, Mg, Fe, Mn, P and Ti. The bench-scale test showed that the ultrafine particle concentration was increased by a higher bed temperature and decreased due to sludge moisture. As, Cd, Pb and Rb were enriched in the ultrafine ash on a bench scale, while Ba, Co, Sr and V were depleted. Cu and Zn were enriched in the ultrafine ash during the combustion of dried sludge, but not when wet sludge was fired. Micron-size ash particles composed of non-volatile species, Ca, Si, Mg, Al, P and Mn, adhered to the bed sand, presumably by surface forces, and sintering densified the ash layer.
AB - Ash formation during the bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) combustion of bark and pulp mill sludge has been studied on an industrial and bench scale. During co-firing in an industrial BFB a submicron fly ash mode was formed via condensation of volatilized K, Na, Sand Cl species at 0.05–0.3 μm. The submicron mass mode below 0.3 μm made up 2.2–5.0% of the fly ash, while the share of the supermicron mass fraction was 93.6–97.2%. Elements depleted in the ultra fine ash were Ca, Si, Al, Mg, Fe, Mn, P and Ti. The bench-scale test showed that the ultrafine particle concentration was increased by a higher bed temperature and decreased due to sludge moisture. As, Cd, Pb and Rb were enriched in the ultrafine ash on a bench scale, while Ba, Co, Sr and V were depleted. Cu and Zn were enriched in the ultrafine ash during the combustion of dried sludge, but not when wet sludge was fired. Micron-size ash particles composed of non-volatile species, Ca, Si, Mg, Al, P and Mn, adhered to the bed sand, presumably by surface forces, and sintering densified the ash layer.
KW - fluidized beds
U2 - 10.1080/00102209808924144
DO - 10.1080/00102209808924144
M3 - Article
VL - 134
SP - 433
EP - 455
JO - Combustion Science and Technology
JF - Combustion Science and Technology
SN - 0010-2202
IS - 1-6
ER -