Viranomaisten roolit vuorovaikutteisten älykkäiden liikennejärjestelmien (C-ITS) palveluiden käyttöönotossa ja operatiivisessa käytössä

Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) are intelligent transport services that exchange real-time secured and trusted C-ITS messages, using the European C-ITS trust model, between vehicles, other road users and infrastructure.
Such messages can, for example, warn the driver in advance of a danger ahead, such as a slippery road surface or an accident zone.
The aim of this work was to create a proposal on how C-ITS services should be implemented in Finland and what are the roles of the authorities in the implementation of the services and the infrastructure they require, as well as in monitoring C-ITS services and C-ITS stations. In addition, it was studied whether message exchange of C-ITS messages with automated vehicles creates any new responsibilities and roles, as well as the distribution of possible roles to different actors. The study’s research methods were a literature review, cooperation in the steering group, interviews, two workshops, and the expert knowledge of the customers, suppliers, and members of the steering group.
The result of the work is a proposal on the implementation and roles of C-ITS services related to traffic safety in Finland.
Based on the selection criteria created in the work, roles were examined in detail for two services: road work warning and traffic light service. An architectural description of the operational implementation was also presented for both.
The European C-ITS Security Credential Management System (EU CCMS) requirements were considered in the implementation and roles of C-ITS services. Regarding the roles of the authorities, the proposal included 1. as part of the legislative framework, the tasks of the national competent authority, the market surveillance authority and the radio equipment supervisory authority for the Finnish Transport and Communications Agency, 2. the role and tasks of management and administration for the Finnish Transport Infrastructure Agency and the municipalities, and 3. the roles of system operation and tasks for the Traffic Management Company Fintraffic Oy and municipalities.
The proposals were mainly based on the specifications and reports of the C-Roads Platform group, which develops the profiles for European C-ITS services, European Commission's C-ITS regulation proposal from 2019, and European legislation as well as national legislation of Finland. In addition to the roles of the authorities, the roles of the European Commission, member states, commercial operators and end users were also considered in the evaluation.
It is still unclear what is the impact of C-ITS messages sent to and received from automated vehicles on the roles of the stakeholders. However, it can be assumed that the roles of the stakeholders when implementing C-ITS services are the same regardless of whether the end user is a human or an automated driving system. A new role in automated transport that is certainly known is the joint operator of automated driving systems, i.e. the operator of the automated vehicle fleet, which exchanges information with the automated driving systems it operates in the form of C-ITS messages.
Based on the results of the work, it was suggested that independent of technology or communication protocol it would be consistent to use the proposed roles presented on the basis of legislation, even if the member state and authorities in Finland would not implement C-ITS services. In Finland and elsewhere in Europe, the tasks of authorities and commercial operators should be defined prior to deployment of the services. For C-ITS services to be implemented nationally in a consistent manner, it was recommended to set up working groups that coordinate individual C-ITS services or categories of services, which includes actors relevant to the implementation of the services.