TY - JOUR
T1 - Wind power within European grid codes
T2 - Evolution, status and outlook
AU - Vrana, Til Kristian
AU - Flynn, Damian
AU - Gomez-Lazaro, Emilio
AU - Kiviluoma, Juha
AU - Marcel, Davy
AU - Cutululis, Nicolaos
AU - Smith, J. Charles
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank Harald Svendsen, Atsede Endegnanew, Daniel Fraile, Nickie Menemenlis, Jody Dillon, Poul Ejnar Sorensen, Arjen van der Meer, Lluis Trilla, Lorenzo Zeni, John Olav Tande, and Hannele Holttinen for input, comments and other support. The activities resulting in this article were partly funded by:
Funding Information:
The project IRPWind funded by the European Union through the seventh framework programme The Centre for Environment-friendly Energy Research NOWITECH funded by the Research Council of Norway
Funding Information:
The project IEA WIND Task 25—Phase 4 funded by the Danish Energy Authority under the EUPD programme. The project project ENE2016-78214-C2-1-R funded by the “Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad” and European Union (FEDER)
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Copyright:
Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2018/5/1
Y1 - 2018/5/1
N2 - Grid codes are technical specifications that define the requirements for any facility connected to electricity grids. Wind power plants are increasingly facing system stability support requirements similar to conventional power stations, which is to some extent unavoidable, as the share of wind power in the generation mix is growing. The adaptation process of grid codes for wind power plants is not yet complete, and grid codes are expected to evolve further in the future. ENTSO-E is the umbrella organization for European TSOs, seen by many as a leader in terms of requirements sophistication. A current development by ENTSO-E aims to develop a uniform grid code framework for Europe. The new European codes leave many key aspects unspecified, referring instead to regulation by the relevant TSO, but they do provide a positive and encouraging step in the right direction. The present document is largely based on the definitions and provisions set out by ENTSO-E. The main European grid code requirements are outlined here, including also HVDC connections and DC-connected power park modules. The focus is on requirements that are considered particularly relevant for large wind power plants. Afterwards, an outlook and discussion on possible future requirements is provided. This review has been written by members of IEA Wind Task 25, but it does not represent an official viewpoint of the IEA. This article is categorized under: Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure.
AB - Grid codes are technical specifications that define the requirements for any facility connected to electricity grids. Wind power plants are increasingly facing system stability support requirements similar to conventional power stations, which is to some extent unavoidable, as the share of wind power in the generation mix is growing. The adaptation process of grid codes for wind power plants is not yet complete, and grid codes are expected to evolve further in the future. ENTSO-E is the umbrella organization for European TSOs, seen by many as a leader in terms of requirements sophistication. A current development by ENTSO-E aims to develop a uniform grid code framework for Europe. The new European codes leave many key aspects unspecified, referring instead to regulation by the relevant TSO, but they do provide a positive and encouraging step in the right direction. The present document is largely based on the definitions and provisions set out by ENTSO-E. The main European grid code requirements are outlined here, including also HVDC connections and DC-connected power park modules. The focus is on requirements that are considered particularly relevant for large wind power plants. Afterwards, an outlook and discussion on possible future requirements is provided. This review has been written by members of IEA Wind Task 25, but it does not represent an official viewpoint of the IEA. This article is categorized under: Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure.
KW - ENTSO-E
KW - grid codes
KW - requirements for grid connection
KW - wind power plants
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85046073333&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/wene.285
DO - 10.1002/wene.285
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85046073333
VL - 7
JO - Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment
JF - Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment
SN - 2041-8396
IS - 3
M1 - e285
ER -
